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PROBLEM
AFFECTING SMALL SCALE FARMERS
ABSTRACT
This
research was carried out to determine the problems affecting small-scale
farmers in Ughelli South Local Government Area of Delta State. Sixty
questionnaires were drawn to generate the necessary information to satisfy the
aim of this research and they were randomly administered in most of the farming
location within the study area. The data analysis based on the findings shows
that the most limiting factors to farming activities in the region is finance.
63.33% of the population depended on their personal income while only 36.67%
had access to banks or cooperative societies for their farm funding. In
addition, land was also noted to mitigate farming operations in the area due to
the current multiple use of land in the area.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
Background
of the study
Statement of
the problem
Purpose of
the study
Research
questions
Hypothesis
Significance
of the study
Delimitation
of the study
Limitation
of the study
Definition
of terms
CHAPTER TWO
Literature
review
CHAPTER
THREE
Research
methodology
Population
of the study
Sample and
sampling technique
Research
instrument
Validity and
reliability
Method of
administering the research instrument
Method of
data analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
Presentation
and analysis of data
CHAPTER FIVE
Summary,
conclusion and recommendation
Summary of
findings
Conclusion
Recommendation
REFERENCES
QUESTIONNAIRE
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
TO THE STUDY
Agricultural
production in developing countries has largely been on subsistence basis. The
farmers only produce for themselves and immediate families and the quantity of
goods produced are grossly inadequate for the growing population. There is an
increased wide-spread in the level of poverty amongst the people especially
those living in the rural areas. Small scale farming had become the major way
to tackle the problem of lack and poverty in this area. An odd growing
situation of unemployment in recent years had led many f the rural/urban dwellers
into small scale farming and today, the small scale farmers are known for their
important and huge contributions to the Gross National product, they are
currently the producers of about 98 percent of the food consumed in Nigeria
with the only exception of wheat.
It is
imperative for government, non-government agencies and cooperate individuals to
help in ameliorating the problems that militates against the farming activities
of these small scale farmers in order to enhance a better food and raw
amterials supplies in and around the Nigerian environment. Over the years
deliberate, though ineffective effort have been made by donors and government
to bring about agricultural development without much to show for it much of the
failure can be attributed to the adapted transformation approach to agriculture
which is characterized by the introduction of a variety of large scale farming
and producing technologies. It is however gratifying to note that there is new
a shift in emphasis from the big scale transformation approach to the small
scale improvement strategy approach which attuned to our age long farm
practice.
Information
is an essential ingredient in agricultural development programmes but Nigerian
farmers seldom feel the impact of agricultural innovations either because they
have no access to such information or because it is poorly disseminated. This
research work is aimed at revealing the problems faced by small scale farmers
in Ughelli-South in order to showcase them for possible solutions by the
various arms of government, non-governmental organizations and interested
individuals.
STATEMENT OF
THE PROBLEMS
A
redirection of attention to agriculture had long-time been strategized by
government and non-governmental agencies as the right antidote to the crises of
unemployment in Nigeria, yet majority of the rural dwellers seek migration
opportunities hence, compounding the general unemployment situation and food
shortages in the country. An investigation to know the problems that have made
individual (small scale) farming unattractive becomes imperative.
PURPOSE OF
THE STUDY
The purpose
of this study is to ascertain the major problems that hiders the production
activities of small scale farmers (crops and animals production) which when
addressed will serve as a direct measure to food shortages and an indirect
measure to the lingering problems of unemployment.
RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
Does small scale farming significantly
increase the income earned by the people of Ughelli South Local Government
Area?
Is small scale farming the main activity
available to the people of Ughelli South?
Had small scale farming been able to reduce
unemployment in Ughelli South?
Had the food production from small scale
farming in this area been able to meet the general food demand of the dwellers
of Ughelli South?
Are young school leavers attracted to small
scale farming in Ughelli South?
SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
Rural-Urban
migration due to unattractive/farming problems and unemployment had complicated
life existence in the urban environment resulting in a high population density,
increase in food demand and cost, traffic congestion amongst others.
This
research work is set to provide informative hints on the problems in Ughelli
South and also to provide useful information to government establishment aimed
at improving farming and lives of the rural dwellers.
SCOPE OF THE
STUDY
The
investigation is limited to farmers that have farmed for at least three to four
years within the study area in Arable Crop farming with cultivated fields of
less than five-hectares, domestic animal rearers with less than five thousand
fishes in their ponds and also, home-garden vegetable farmers scattered around
in the local government area.
DEFINITION
OF TERMS
Small Scale Farming: This is the type of
agriculture created in a subsistence level, void of commercialization.
Large-Scale Farming: this is a commercial
type of agriculture it involves a large production of crops and animals
intended for a widespread distribution to wholesalers or retail outlets.
Gross-National Product: The total values of
goods produced and services provided by a country during one year, it is
usually the sum total of the gross-domestic product and the net product.
Rural-Urban Migration: It refers to the
movement of people from the rural areas to the urban (more developed) centres
for the purpose of getting a better education, job, health facilities, wages
and standard of living.
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