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THE EFFECT
OF FREE EDUCATION ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS IN SECONDARY SCHOOL
ABSTRACT
This work
analyses the effect of free education on the academic performance of students
in secondary schools using six selected schools in Ngor Okpala Local Government
Area of Imo State as a case study.
Chapter one gives a general background
of the study on the concept of education, how important education is and also
laws governing educational practices at federal, state and local government.
Chapter two deals on the review of
related literatures. It explains the concept and system of education, history
of free education in Nigeria, financing education as aided by the world bank as
well as benefits of free education.
Chapter three shows the research
methodology employed while chapter four analyses and interprets the data
obtained mainly through the administration of questionnaire.
Chapter five summarises the whole
research work and also gives the researchers conclusion and recommendation
CHAPTER ONE
1.0. INTRODUCTION
1.1. BACK
GROUND OF THE STUDY
Education is of paramount importance
in a growing nation. It is the best legacy a nation can give to her citizens
especially the youth. This is because the development of any nation or
community depends largely on the quality of education of such a nation. Not
only is education the greatest force that can be used to bring about redress,
it is also the greatest investment that a nation can make for the quick
development of its economic, political, sociological and human resources.
(Nigeria, National policy on Education.) The very process of learning to read
and write should be made an opportunity for acquiring information that can
immediately be used to improve living standards.Education is viewed in
different perspective by different authors.
Oyakan (2000) opined education as the
aggregate of all process by which a child or young adult develops the abilities, attitudes and
other forms of behaviour which are of positive values to the society in which
he lives. Here education is regarded as the totality of all form of brilliant
ideas, visible skills and desirable value orientations that can nurture
individuals into responsible competent citizen, such educated men and women
would use their competence, experience and vision of a good society to create
wealth for nation building. Nigeria like any other developing nations has
witnessed military rule for a long time and aborted civilian administrations
which necessitated the promulgation of
decrees, edicts and laws concerning educational practices at federal, state and
local government levels. The inconsistent continuation of government due to
coup detat de-emphasized the continuity in the implementation of educational
laws and policies since 1970’s till the present time. This generally laid the
foundation of fallen standard in education at the primary and secondary school
levels. (Shittu 2004). According to Olutu (1994) looking for means of survival,
the nation has evolved series of socio-economic and educational measures and
policies such as Structural Adjustment Programs (SAP), Austerity measures,
Universal Primary Education (UPE), Universal Basic Education (UBE) and
Devaluation of the Naira. These measures have not improved the social-economic
and educational status of families (olutu 1994). Also many rural and sub urban
dwellers can no longer pay the schools fees of their wards. These ugly
situations have promoted young school students to dropout of school to engage
in subsistence farming and become housemaids or engage in other menial jobs to
support their academic pursuit. Hence many students have since taken schooling
as a secondary assignment and school attendance on rotational basis. The
resultant problem posed by this is poor academic performance in school
examination like National Examination Council (NECO) and West African
Examination Council (WAEC). This trend is posing huge problems to parents,
governments, political parties and stakeholders in education.
1.2.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
This research arose as a result of
increase number of students, increased absenteeism, and differences in the
nature, performance and characteristic of students experienced since the
introduction of free education.
1.3.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS.
This work will seek to provide
answers to the following questions:
(1) Is there any effect of free education on the
academic performance of
students?
(2) Are there problems associated with higher
enrolment of students?
1.4. OBJECTIVES
OF THE STUDY
The main objective of this study is to
know the reason for embarking on free education and its influence on the
academic performance of secondary school students in NGOR OKPALA LOCAL
GOVERNMENT AREA, IMO STATE.
The specific
objectives are:-
(1) To know the effect of free education on the
academic performance of students.
(2) To know the influence of free education on
the enrolment rate of secondary school students.
1.5.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY.
This study will be used to
formulate further educational policies by the government to adopt in order to
increase the academic performance of students in secondary school. The result
can also be used by curriculum planners, educators and some government agencies
in determining the population of those above or below the working age. On the
other hand, the study will equally help the parents to have their children
educated with lesser financial burden.
1.6. SCOPE
OF THE STUDY
The study focuses on the influence of free
education on the academic performance of secondary school in Ngor Okpala Local
Government Area, Imo State. This study was limited to only six schools due to
time, energy and cost.
1.7.
HYPOTHESIS: - There is no significant effect of free education on the academic
performance of students in secondary school
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