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TRADE
CONFLICT AND ORGANIZATIONAL SUCCESS (A SURVEY OF NIGERIA BOTTLING COMPANY LTD,
BENIN CITY)
Abstract
Effect of
trade conflict on organization success is intended to investigate the
productivity in time of conflict and what the implication is on organization
success. A population of three hundred
was considered for the study and questionnaire were administered to one hundred
and fifty five of managerial and non-managerial staff. The questionnaire were
referred and analyzed using chi-square and sample percentage method also
finding shown that conflict in organization has adverse effect on its survival
on the basis of this; it was recommended that expert should be met to educate management
on handling on organization conflict.
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
Front
Page i
Title
Page ii
Certification iii
Dedication iv
Acknowledgements v
Abstract vi
Table of
Contents vii
Chapter One:
Introduction
Background
to the Study 1
Statement of
the Study 3
Objectives
of the Study 4
Research
Questions
5
Statement of
Hypotheses 5
Scope of the
Study 6
Significance
of the Study 6
Limitations
of the Study 7
Operational
Definition of Terms 8
Chapter Two:
Literature Review
Introduction 12
Theories of
Organizational Conflict 14
Types of
Conflict 15
Causes of
Conflict in Organization 18
Effects of
Conflict in Organization 21
Conflict
Management in Organization 26
Strategies
of Conflict Resolution 27
Chapter Three:
Research Methodology
Research
Design 30
Population
of the Study 31
Sample/Sampling
Procedures 31
Instrument
of Data Collection 32
Method of
Data Collection 32
Method of
Data Analysis 33
Chapter
Four: Data Presentation and Analysis
Data
Presentation 34
Data
Analysis 44
Text of
Hypothesis 46
Discussion
of Findings 47
Chapter
Five: Summary of Findings, Conclusion and Recommendations
Summary of
Findings 48
Conclusion 48
Recommendations 49
References 51
Appendix I 53
Appendix
II 54
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Organizations
are complex in nature. They are made up of people from different background in
terms of needs, goods, skills, status, knowledge, style, interest value and
aggressiveness.
Under this
status of diversities, individual and groups are sometimes bound to disagree on
issue with emotional intensity thus conflict according to Free Him (1982)
stated that conflict is a disagreement between two or more parties over the
same issue which has alternate cost. Conflict in an organization ranges from
minor to major disagreement between workers themselves subordinate with basses,
bosses themselves and worker with management.
Also trade
conflict according to Tuka (1974) as a conflict between worker and employees
which is “connected with” one or more of the following term and conditions of
employment, engagement or non engagement or suspension of employment of
workers, allocation of work, discipline, membership or non membership of a
union.
In a work
place trade conflict, employees are usually not satisfied with certain
employment conditions. They may want more wages better benefits, different
working hours, or adjustment to conditions in the work place.
Organization
is often characterized by interdependency when there is interdependency between
workers, the parties involved must work out their relation across boundaries
between individuals and among group in the organization.
Areas of
conflict is one of the most prevalent issue in organization. It has been one of
the tools that management use to develop the relationship between managers and
staffs, its in view of this, the study looked at the effect of trade conflict
on organization success by using Nigeria Bottling Company Ltd., Benin City as a
case study.
Organization
strives to achieve its goals and objectives, organizational conflict is endemic
in a organization. Its so disruptive that employees cannot give proper
attention to performance goals because interpersonal and inter group.
In managing
conflict employee’s are motivated to resolve conflict so that these conflicts
don’t disrupt the normal day activities.
Some viewed
conflict as bad, a considerable attention should be given to reduce or dominate
it also some disagree with this technique because suppressing it may not allow
them to get to the root cause of the conflict.
Some
believed that conflict can be resolved by confrontational technique, where
opposing parties openly share their views to each other.
Some argued
that this was not going to solve the conflict in one was willing to state the
real causes of the conflict, these controversial statement now lead to the
study of this research work, using Nigeria Bottling Company Ltd as a case
study.
Conflict is
the difference between the goals of management and individual workers. For
managers to effectively utilize the human resource to achieve the
organizational objective, there is need to have a better understanding of the
vital areas of conflict.
Ignoring
conflict in any organization will disturb works mode as well as the
interpersonal relationship. This will demotivate workers while the organization
suffers in the longs run.
For this
reason the objectives of this study is to identify the following:
To identify
the effect of trade conflict on organizational success.
To examine
how conflict management can increase high productivity of goods and services on
organization through conflict management.
To examine
how trade conflict affect the effectiveness and efficiency.
What are the
effects of trade conflict on organization success?
Can
productivity increase through conflict management?
How does
trade conflict affect organization effectiveness and efficiency?
Statement OF
Hypothesis(es)
For the
purpose of this study, the following hypotheses which are in the null form
shall be tested.
Hypothesis I
Ho: Trade conflict does not affect organization
success.
Hi: Trade conflict can lead to organization success.
Hypothesis
II
Ho: Conflict management cannot lead to increase
in productivity.
Hi:Conflict
management can lead to increase in productivity.
Hypothesis
III
Ho:Trade
conflict does not affect organization effectiveness and efficiency.
Hi:Trade
conflict can affect organization effectiveness and efficiency.
The scope of
this study is based on solving the conflict between worker and employees in an
organization over terms of employment working conditions and related matters.
Conflict could come as a result of interdependent work activities also
evaluating strategies of managing conflict in the organization.
Understanding
causes of conflict in the organization, this research is limited to Nigeria
Bottling Company Ltd, Benin City (NBC) as the institute under study. Its
actually design to know how conflict affect effectiveness and efficiency in
organization.
Significance
of the Study
The
significance of this research is in two fold, the practical and theoretical.
The practical aspect will be useful to Nigeria Bottling Company Limited, Benin
City as a case study.
All
observation findings and recommendations of this study will be useful to the
management in dealing and coping with conflict as an unavoidable phenomenon in
organization.
Thus, the
research work finding from provisional project and journals on the topic will
be very useful to the company effectiveness and efficiency to achieve the
overall organizational goal and objective in discovering the areas where the
company has been negligent and thereby taking corrective measures. Its also
believed that findings will help to identify areas where amendment need to be
done so that effect should be directed toward the areas concerned.
In the
course of carrying out the research work, there were some limitations
encountered. Some of the limitations are the busy nature of the company;
Nigeria Bottling Company, its staffs made collection of relevant data from them
very difficult.
The attitude
of some respondents were hostile which made it difficult to gather information
from them since some refuse to return the questionnaires distributed to them.
This can be seen from the fact that 300 questionnaires given out, but only 125
were returned back.
Another
problem encountered were certainly not easy management of Nigeria Bottling
Company were reluctant in allowing the researcher to get vital information from
the company under study as they were confidential.
Most of the
workers decline accepting questionnaire and finally, in spite of these
difficulties adjustable and acceptable work has been done to this research
work.
Operational
Definition of Terms
The
following terms are defined as used in this study. This is to enhance the easy
understanding of the study.
Organization:
An organization according to Michael et al (2004) is a set of people working
together to accomplish a goal or a limited set of goals.
It can also
be defined as a relationship at network due point of how the management would
like the various function and activities to be assigned and connected together.
Its
collection of people work together to achieve individual and organizational
goals.
Industrial
Conflict: Gray and Stark defined industrial conflict as a disagreement over
objective, interest and ideas as they relate to the functioning of the
industrial organization. It can be measured by the frequency of conflict in the
organization, the issue involve in the conflict and the level of conflict.
Conflict:
Fress Ham (1992) stated that conflict is a disagreement between two or more
parties over the same issue which has alternate cost. Conflict is an
organization ranges from minor to major disagreement between workers themselves,
subordinate with bosses and worker with management.
Trade
Conflict: Employment Act 1982 as the conflict between worker and their own
employers and argument between employees and workers over terms of employment
working conditions are related matters. Trade conflict result in a strike where
employee refuse to work until their demands are met most commonly, employees
and workers are able to reach an agreement.
Decision
Making: Michael et al (2004) defined decision making as the selection of one
alternative from two or more alternative based upon some criteria.
Collective
Bargaining: Is the process whereby the union and management arrive at a
compromise. It involves the process of negotiation over the rate of pay wages,
hours at work or other conditions of the employment in the organization.
Strike: As
the concerted refusal of members of a union to work. Its normally used by the
union members to achieve their aim.
Reward: This
is the benefit that the employee get for his contribution towards the
achievement of the organizational goals. It’s a leader’s positive reinforcement
of sub-ordinates desirable behavior.
Communication
Breakdown: As the stoppage in the communication flow between the workers in the
organization.
Communication:
Is the transfer of information, ideas and feelings from one person to another.
Any external interference in this system will lead to the communication
breakdown.
Management:
Momoh (2002) is the process of planning, organizing, leading and controlling
the organization human and financial material and other resources to increase
its effectiveness. A manager is a person who is responsible for supervising the
use of the organization resources to achieve its goals.
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