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FACTORS
RESPONSIBLE FOR CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
It has been
the general assumption that children with reasonable physical care would grow
into normal happy adulthood. But scientific investigations of psychologists,
sociologist and psychiatrists regarding personality development has uncovered
the greater importance of the growing up and its lasting effects on the total
personality of a person. Adult personality has its root in childhood. What we
can do as adult is largely determined by ways in which we were allowed into
experience inevitable events of childhood. Thus the aim of this research work
is to shed more light on the issue of child abuse and neglect in Kaduna South
Local Government of Kaduna State.
A child is
neglected when he lacks continues physical and emotional contact with his
mother. Children under this category are those may be due to lose of mother or
both parents or the separation of both parents, thus child may be sent to
nursery school or orphanages with many children which makes it difficult for
special individual attention to be rendered to each child. Those children are
therefore brought up by stranger which could be changed at different times due
to the shift of their study. Child abuse
on the other hand can be defined as the portion of harm to children that result
from human action or in action that is prescribed, proximate and preventable.
The definition recognizes that such harm is no accident but something
perpetrated on children by others, usually intestinal and that the actors
inflicting this harm do not enjoy society approval. It is also point out that
abuse generally come from the child immediate environment and that it is
preventable child neglect is a passive form of maltreatment or abuse UNICEF
(1986).
1.2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
Kaduna South
Local Government Area was created on 23rd September 1991 by the Babangida’s
regime. Hitherto it was part and parcel of Kaduna Local Government. The Local
Government Council has its headquarter located at Makera, comprising of two
districts namely: Tudun Wada and Makera, each district headed by a district
head and supported by village and wards councilors, Kaduna South shares common
boundary with Kaduna North to the North West. The two districts share common
boundary with the other districts located in the three local government area.
Kaduna South has a population of 373,576 as per 2006 census.
Education
However, in
the education, the area is having about (29) public schools in which (8)
primary schools and in Tudun Wada and (13) in Makera and five (5) secondary
schools in Tudunwada and three (3) in Makeri.
Furthermore, the area is having private nursery/primary and secondary
schools approximately one hundred and twenty four (124) i.e. 80 in Tudun Wada
and (44) in Makera district. Adult
education programmes and constructed apart from the various vocational training
centres, run by various organizations like (YMCA). Apart from Kaduna
Polytechnic as a higher institution of learning. There is a prison school at
Barnawa, Health Institution like the school of Nursing and Midwifery and school
of psychiatric Barnawa.
There are
over fifty (50) large and small scale industries that abound in the local
government and some include, textile, defence corporation, Nigeria Breweries,
Peugeot Automobile, KFCC, fertilizer superphosphate, pharmaceutical company,
blanket industry just to mention a few.
To boost commercial activities in the local government area and the
markets and up to R. Tourist attractions and hotels, the council has six (6)
tourist areas and about twelve (12) hotels. Kaduna South Local Government areas
well connected by road, bridges and railway line system. Thus, the above mentioned geographical,
emotional, educational and administrative features taken together given Kaduna
South its unique characteristics. It was discover that the habitants have
little or no knowledge of what child abuse is.
Some with dishes roaming the street and begging for food and aims for
certain belief. They were also denied educational pursuit and a child right to
decide for themselves what they want to become in future. Without being told,
you will see for yourself how little children hawk around from morning till
evening for financial support, this researcher strongly, belief is one of the
causes of child abuse and neglect because this kind of occupation endangers the
child’s life and expose him to hard situation.
1.3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The
researcher’s concern to delve into the affairs of CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT in
Kaduna South Local Government Area of Kaduna State becomes necessary because
the record available to this researcher shows that since the creation of Kaduna
South from the former Kaduna local government there was not been any necessary
attempt for research work into the activities of child abuse and neglect. However, it is widely believed that the good
image of any social or community depend largely on the social background of its
children. Therefore, the problem of child abuse in the local government has
been a total neglect in large extent. A situation brought about probably by the
undesirable element in our society mostly associated with women folk and partly
perhaps the government who have not given enough attention to the ugly
situation in the area but rather sitting on chairs in offices. Based on this,
the researcher will seriousness wishes to know the activities to the authority
concerned with the affairs of child abuse, towards educating the people of the
area and of course suggest ways on how to improve and implements their
programme towards making the entire area a conducive place of living.
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The
following are the objectives of the study:
a. To identify the factors responsible for child
neglect
b. To determine the factors responsible for
child neglect
c. To identify the factors responsible for child
abuse
d. To determine the rating of the factors
responsible for child abuse
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The
following research question guided the study:
a. The
absence of either parent in any family setting can also perhaps bring about
child abuse
b. Roaming
the street and begging for food and aims
for certain belief will equally bring in child abuse
c. The act of ignorance among the parent will
make a child not go to school but hawk all day and that also brings in child
abuse
d. The occupational pressure of the working
parent is also a contributing factor to child abuse
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The study is
the opportunity to do or achieve something which children are being abuse of
more to say, production of two many children to the wide world and not taking
care of them should be eradicated by family planning to space the recreation of
babies. However, the absence of mother in any family setting can also perhaps
bring about child abuse and the study is out in looking for the suitable
solution of resolving it, through the government and the societal people to be
aware of the child to try to come affection, warmth etc.
Finally, the
scope of the study is to improve the standard of living of clued not by seen influence by an absent
of one parent and two much of giving birth of babies. The government should Endeavour to encourage
agencies to treat such a social ill or evil in the society.
1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study is
an attempt to provide evidence and identify pattern of child abuse and neglect
with a view to offering suggestion and recommendations that will date the
level. This study would be of immense value to parents, counseling teachers of
low level of educational and children. The finding and suggestion resulting
from this study will go along way in helping parent and guidance to know
irritating utterance or actions it have on youth and children or young once
which can be economically, psychological or society which will enable parents,
adult to adjust in order to ensure smooth development of children. It will also
addressed the practical problem which when left will cut at the very root of
civilized ethics particularly
significant at present a bold attempt to go into an area of scarcity
literature.
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Child: Child
is defined as a dependent person in the custody of a parent or guardian for
protection of his/her life.
Abuse: Is
any deliberate act by a person: group of person of society designed to inflict
on a child or parent normal, mental physical, emotional and normal development.
Neglect:
This usually occurs when families fail on their own part to provide the
necessary need fro their children such as food, medical care or being deprived
of essential need of life or it is a situation were one show a sign of
suffering or lack of care and attention.
Child care:
This is care which is supposed to be given to children by those who are
responsible for looking after them provide them with child care facilities.
Child Abuse:
Those are cruel treatment of children by adult involving violence or sexual
activities which is capable of affecting physically, mentally and
psychologically.
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