THE IMPACT OF PRACTICAL WORK ON THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF SOME CONCEPTS IN BIOLOGY IN SOME SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS
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THE IMPACT
OF PRACTICAL WORK ON THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF SOME CONCEPTS IN BIOLOGY IN
SOME SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS
ABSTRACT
Practical is
a key factor in engaging, enthusing and inspiring students, thus, stimulating
lifelong interest in science. High
quality, appropriate practical work is central to effective learning in
science. As a result of the unique
opportunities to the study, abstract concepts and generalization at such
concepts are aimed through the use of real objects in the laboratory. This
study aimed to find out the impact of practical work in the teaching and
learning of some concepts in Biology.
This study is restricted to some selected secondary schools in Abeokuta,
Ogun State. A survey research design was used for the study which made use of
questionnaire in collecting data from 90 respondents, where 30 respondents were
selected from three schools using simple random sampling technique
“SalawuAbiola Comprehensive High school, Osiele, Abeokuta, Deeper life High
School, Odeda, Abeokuta, F.C.E Model Secondary School, Osiele, Abeokuta. Data generated were analyzed with the use of
statistical tools such as frequency and percentage. The result shows that practical work has
great impact on the teaching and learning of some concepts in Biology. It was recommended that students should be
exposed to more practical work and more attention should be given to the
students during and after practical classes.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Science is a
great enterprise which nations depend on, in-order to advance technologically.
Science therefore is receiving much emphasis in education because of its
significance and relevance to life and society. Biology is the science in which we study
living things. You can learn about an
organism by reading about it. You can
also learn about the organism by picking it up and studying it. The former is a theoretical approach, while
the later is the practical approach. It
must be borne in mind always that animals should not be killed, nor plants life
destroyed needlessly. After all, biology
is the study of life. Biology as a branch of science and the prerequisite
subject for many fields of learning contributes immensely to the technological
growth of a nation. This includes Medicine, forestry, agriculture,
biotechnology and nursing. The study of Biology in senior secondary school can
equip students with useful concepts, principles and theories that will enable
them face the challenges before and after graduation. Practical work in Biology
provides opportunities for students to actually do science as opposed to
learning about science. Practical work
is a keyfactor in engaging, enthusing and inspiring students, thus stimulating
lifelong interest in science. High quality, appropriate practical work is
central to effective learning in science.The science laboratory is organized
setting used by students to observe and manipulates material in order to see in
concrete terms some of the concepts learned in the class during the lectures
and those read in reference textbooks.
Hamidu, (2002), pointed out that the teaching and learning of science
progresses by exposing students to practical work and experiment in and outside
the classroom or laboratory facts. He
further stressed that those science teachers in Nigerian Secondary Schools do
not teach practical until the second or third term of the final year in the
secondary schools, he further `said that the teacher begins hurriedly to the
students and then no how to attempt and answer practical questions in their
final year examination. Practical work is significant in the aspect Exposure of
real life situation i.e. application of practical experiences to real life
situation (Onyimadu 2001).
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
This project
is interested in finding out “THE IMPACT OF PRACTICAL WORK ON THE TEACHING AND
LEARNINNG OF SOME CONCEPTS IN BIOLOGY”.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose
of this study is to assess the meaning and impact of practical work on teaching
and learning of some concepts in Biology in some selected Secondary
School. The findings from this study is
expected to provide the understanding of the impact of practical work on the
teaching and learning of some concepts in biology for teachers and
educators.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study
is of significant due to the following:
1. The research findings will be useful for
further research work (for those that want to carry out further research work
in related disciplines).
2. The findings of this study encourage the
biology teachers to know the importance of practical work in the teaching and
learning of some concepts in biology.
3. The findings of this study will make it easy
for students to comprehend and get a clear picture of some of the basic
concepts in biology. Hence, learning
will be permanent.
4. The finding of the research will make
students to understand the impact of practical work on teaching and learning of
some concepts in Biology
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
This project will find answers to
the following questions:
1. What is practical work?
2. What are the impact of practical work on
the teaching and learning of some concepts in biology?
3. How does practical work influences the
teaching and learning of some concepts in biology?
4. What is the relationship between
practical work and performance of students in biology?
1.6 SCOPE OR LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The study is
restricted to some selected secondary schools as follows:
1. SalawuAbiola Comprehensive High School,
Osiele, Abeokuta.
2. Federal College of Education Model
Secondary School, Osiele, Abeokuta.
3. Deeper Life Secondary School, Odeda,
Abeokuta
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
· IMPACT: The part play by a person or
thing in bringing about a result or helping something to advance.
· PRACTICAL WORK: It refers to practical
activities that include demonstrations, discussions, simulations, exercises,
observations or manipulation of real objects and materials by students and fieldwork.
The students working in pairs or small group of three or four are guided by the
teachers and the teaching materials to observe and interpret events or
phenomena occurring to the object.
· TEACHING: It is the systematic way of
impacting worthwhile values or helping people to learn.
· LEARNING: It can simply be said to
mean a relatively permanent change in the learners and must be as result of
experience the learner has been exposed to.
· BIOLOGY: This can simply be defined as
the study of life.
· VARIATION: This can be defined as the
differences which exist between individuals of the same species.
· DIFFUSION: This is defined as the
process by which molecules or ions of a substance (i.e. gases and liquids) move
from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration until they
are evenly distributed.
· OSMOSIS: This is defined as the flow
of water or solvent molecules from a region of dilute or a weaker solution to a
region of concentrated or stronger solution through a selectively or
differentially permeable membrane.
· CONCEPTS: These are ideas or terms or
principles that are connected with something abstract.
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