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TRENDS IN
STUDENTS’ PERFORMANCE IN JUNIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION IN BASIC SCIENCE
ABSTRACT
This
research work was undertaken to determine the general direction in which
students’ performance in Junior Certificate Examination in Basic Science is
developing. The researcher seeks to put right or wrong the hypotheses that one
factor or the other affects students’ performances in Basic Science. The
researcher stated some hypotheses and used quantitative approach as well as the
questionnaire distributed to selected schools in Abeokuta South Local
Government Area of Ogun State. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used in
analyzing the data and the researcher concluded that irrespective of other
factors, students’ low performance in Basic Science is affected by the lack of
instructional materials, teacher’s qualification and attitude, and parents’ and
students’ attitude.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Basic
Science is a branch of science that involves the fundamental system of
acquiring knowledge using observations and experiments to describe and explain
natural phenomena.
Basic Science is referred to as
a type of science where emphasis is placed on the unity of science and it is
the only way of teaching science in such
a way as to present scientific ideas as a unified whole (Wikipedia,2014).
The significance of Basic Science
cannot be over emphasized as its application helps to acquire new knowledge of
the underlying foundations of phenomena without regard for a particular method
and it is undertaken primarily to improve the quality of living. The study of
basic science helps to develop interest in science and technology. It helps to
meet social needs by applying the basic knowledge and skills in science and
technology. Advantages of the numerous career opportunities offered by the
study of science are taken and basic science also prepares students for further
studies.
This study is aimed at the
general direction in which students’ performance in Junior Certificate
Examination in Basic Science is developing.
The most innovative contribution
of the National Policy of Education (2004) to the development and modernization
of Nigerian educational system are in the area of secondary education. The
policy prescribed a two tier secondary education lasting for a period of six
years. A child is required to spend three years in junior secondary school and
another three years in senior secondary school. Secondary schools are mostly
state or federally owned, students attend junior secondary school for their
grades seven (7) through nine (9).In the ninth grade, they take Junior
Secondary Certificate Examination (J.S.C.E) to qualify for the limited number
of opening in senior secondary schools. Those who do not do well in the exam
may continue at the same school or transfer to a different school if they
qualify.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
This study
is undertaken to access the trends in students’ performance in Junior
Certificate Examination in Basic science and to determine how teachers’
qualification and attitude affect students’ performance, to find out what has
helped to facilitate both good and bad performance among students and how
parents and students’ attitude affect academic performance.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose
of this study is to find the continuous development and change in students’
performance in basic science. Specifically, it aims at:
1. Finding out to what extent instructional
materials are used to enhance students’ performance
2. Ascertaining the extent teachers’
qualification and attitude towards teaching and learning can improve students
in schools.
3. Ascertaining how students and parents
participation and interest in their children’s academics has helped to improve
students’ result.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
This study is attempted to
investigate the following:
1. The extent to which the use of
instructional materials has helped to enhance good performance of students.
2. The extent to which the teacher’s
qualification and attitude affect the students’ performance.
3. The extent at which parents and students’
attitude affect the academic performance.
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
The following hypothesis will be
tested in this study:
1. The use of instructional materials has no
significant effect on the performance of students.
2. The teacher’s qualification and attitude
have no significant effect on students’ performance.
3. Parents and students’ attitude have no
significant effect on academic performance.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study
is important because; it will help to know the strategies for improving
achievements of students in Junior Secondary Schools. It will also help
students’ right attitude to dedicate themselves more to their studies.
1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This study
will be restricted to the trends in students’ performances in Junior
Certificate Examination in Basic Science. The researcher attempt to gather data
such as examination scores of students in some selected schools in Abeokuta
South Local Government Area of Ogun State.
1.8 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
Challenges
cannot be unencountered while this research work is been carried out which are
likely to be the initial feeling of the managements and staff of the selected
schools in releasing their broadsheets. Getting data of students’ scores in
schools may also be a challenge as it requires financial commitment.
1.9 DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY
This study
will be delimitated to the following:
· Secondary schools in Abeokuta South
Local Government
· Students in Abeokuta South Local
Government
· Junior Secondary School students
studying Basic Science
· Five schools in Abeokuta South Local
Government which include:
i) Asero High School, Asero,
Abeokuta.
ii) Egba Comprehensive High
School, Asero, Abeokuta.
iii) Saje High School, Saje,
Abeokuta.
iv) Abeokuta Girls Grammar School,
Onikolobo, Abeokuta.
v) Revd. Kuti Memorial Grammar
School, Isabo, Abeokuta.
1.10 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Trends: a
general direction in which a situation is changing or developing
Student: a
person who is studying at a school, especially a secondary school
Performance:
This is how well or badly something is done.
Basic
Science: a branch of science where emphasis is placed on the unity of science.
School: An
Educational Institution.
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