AN APPRAISAL OF PERFORMANCE OF SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN GEOGRAPHY IN SOME SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS
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AN APPRAISAL
OF PERFORMANCE OF SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN GEOGRAPHY IN SOME
SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS
ABSTRACT
This study was set to investigate the
performance of senior secondary schools students in geography in some selected
secondary school in Odogbolu Local Government Area of Ogun State.
And in achieving this, four major
hypothesis were formulated for testing, based on the following variable
interest in the study.
Family
Background: The teachers’ attitude and qualification, Attitude of Senior
Secondary School Students’ themselves and the available of material and
facilities.
The researcher made use of the
descriptive survey research method in carrying out the study. One hundred
sample elements were randomly selected among the Senior School Students in the
three (3) Secondary School used for the study.
The study
made use of the questionnaire as the main instrument in gathering information
needed for the study. The data collected was analyzed using the descriptive and
inferential statistics of frequencies, percentages and Chi-square (x2).
The result
indicated that:
The family
background of the Senior Secondary School Students would definitely influence
their performance in geography in Odogbolu Local Government Area of Ogun-State.
The
teachers’ attitude and qualification world also to a greater extent affect the
performance of Senior Secondary School Students in geography in Odogbolu Local
Government Area of Ogun – State.
The attitude
of the Senior Secondary School Students themselves towards geography would
definitely affect their actual performance in the subject.
Lastly that
the availability of adequate and modern materials and facilities (including
textbooks) would influence the performance of Senior Secondary School Students in
geography in Odogbolu Local Government Area of Ogun State.
Based on the
results and findings of the study certain salient recommendation were made.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
Secondary
School is seen as a center for a living in a modern age of science and
technology. It was on the basis of this that Sofolahan’s Committee (1971)
recommend geography as one of the core subject and this was agreed upon.
This emphasis on geography came as a
result of advances in sciences and technology in the developed countries and
their diffusion to developed countries which Nigeria is one Fafunwa (1971)
accepts this when he writes “we are in a world of science and technology have
become an integral part of the world.
At the Senior Secondary School Level
geography is taught, this is in a response to the would wide move towards
curriculum integration. An implication to this statement is that new trends
should not be accepted unquestiongly and that teachers should understand the
nature of geography and the need to integrate the components that make up
geography and relate geography or nature to man which in this case is the study
of GEOGRAPHY.
The nature of geography on National
Policy on Education Stipulated that geography should be one of the core subject
taught in Secondary School Level.
The choice of geography is based on
sound pedagogical standing point. It present the whole of science and social
science as the intricately, interwind and intellectually, integrated,
enterprise that it is.
A curriculum that is subject centre
does not foster the development of view of the life which, education has as its
major objective. Besides students at this level have psychological deposition
which makes them see event or phenomena, in a unified manner.
Furthermore, if the principal
function of geography instruction on the Senior Secondary School is general
education for the majority few of whom may become geography major this function
is best serves by renewing social science in as a broad scope as possible hence
according to the are curriculum for geography when the term social science is
applied, it means that the course is devised and presented in such a way that
the child:-
(a) Gains the concepts of the fundamental
unit of geography.
(b) Gains the communality approach to
problems of scientific nature.
(c) It helped to gain an understanding of
the function of science and technology and social science in everyday life and
the world in which he/she lives so geography occupies a special position in the
Secondary School curriculum it represent the foundation stones for subsequent
instruction in the social science in later life for a student who wish to pursue a social science related
career and a general introduction to the sciences for the other who may wish to
purse either. Humanity based on vocational inclined studies the success or
failure of geography instruction at the stage of Senior Secondary, is therefore
of importance.
A solid
foundation of geography would equip Millions of Senior Secondary School
Students for successful social science career, thereby indirectly contributing
to the much needed science and technological advancement of the Nigerian
society.
A poor
foundation may have negative consequence. It is for these reasons that
geography should be properly and effectively taught to students in Senior
Secondary School to do this all aspects of geography curriculum must be taught
to students in senior secondary school to do this all aspect of geography
curriculum must be taught to student lf they are to have a balanced
introduction of science and social science
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The academic
performance of pupils in Senior Secondary School Examination in Odogbolu Local
Government Area of Ogun State has been very poor for instance the final
examination (WASSCE) results for S.S.S. III geography for the past three year
indicated a high rate of failure.
The table below show the failure rate
in geography in some selected Secondary Schools. In Odogbolu Local
Government Area of Ogun State.
TABLE 1
GROSS
FAILURE RATE IN S.S.S. 3 GEOGRAPHY EXAMINATIONS FROM 2005-2007
Year
No
Passed
Failed
% failed
% passed
2005
1,500
600
900
60
40
2006
2,400
1,000
1,400
58.3
41.7
2007
2,800
1,000
1,800
64.2
34.2
N = Total no
of candidates who sat for the examination.
Many people
have wondered what could be responsible for this, could this be in. anyway
related to factor such as:
1) Teacher’s qualification.
2) Family Background of the students.
3) Socio-economic, status of parent
4) The school environment.
5) The curriculum itself.
6) The textbooks.
7) Laboratory facilities.
8) Teachers condition of services.
9) Interest attitudes and ability of student a
some other salient factors.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The
objectives of the study are:
v To
determine the performance of the students in the selected schools.
v To
identify the effects of teacher’s attitudes and qualification on the
performance of the student in geography.
v To
identify the effects of student’s attitude on their performance in geography.
v To bring
out the effect of socio-economic status of parents on the performance of the
student in geography.
v To
identify the environmental factors which affects the performance of the
students in geography.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This project
shall be of valuable importance to the federal government and the Ogun State
Government in general. But it will be of
great importance to Odogbolu Local Government to determine how far they have
gone in achieving their Educational aims and objectives with particular
references to science and social science.
Furthermore, it will help in solving
pupils difficulties. In science are as and hence ensuring that our future
scientists have solid foundation. This project has been able to identify some
problem that affect the performance of students in geography and has been able
to recommend lasting solutions to those problems and the factors causing them
1.5 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
Specially,
the appraisal was a correlational study of the above tested variable or factor
in 1.2 or a sample of Senior Secondary School Students achievements in
geography in Odogbolu Local Government Area of Ogun-State.
The inference drawn from the study
were therefore limited to the precise sample in question. The main limitation
is in the fact that only Six of the multi various identifiable variables that
might have influence the performance of the students in geography are consider
in this study.
1.6 OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS OF TERMS
(1) Appraisal: This means an investigation or
find out. It can also be referred to as a guess to confirm.
(2) Performance: An Act or action of a person or somebody.
(3) Data: The analysis of the appraisal
made in Arithmetical form or order.
(4) Geography:
The word geography is coined from two Greek words geo-meaning the earth
and graph meaning to describe so geography is the description of the earth it
is also defined as the study of people their activities, places and physical
things within the earth.
(5) Discipline: To Train and control the mind and character
of some one or to produce self control habit of obedience.
(6) Curriculum: Brief written account of one’s past history
or course of study in a school, college e.t.c.
(7) Subsidiary: Serving as a help or support but not as of
first importance
(8) Stratified: Arrange in strata.
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