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REDUCING THE
PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED BY STUDENTS IN LEARNING SOCIAL STUDIES IN SECONDARY
SCHOOLS
ABSTRACT
Many
Nigerians have passed through poor quality education because of ineffectiveness
of qualified personnels in the educational sector. Many teachers lack the
indepth knowledge of the subject matter but the worst is that majority don’t
know the rightful teaching methodology in approaching the subject matter.
Teacher’s effectiveness invariably affects students’ effectiveness. This study
exposes the Andragogical method of education as the rightful approach in
teaching economics to students in secondary schools.
CHAPTER ONE
1. O
INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Social
studies programme has been in existence in Nigeria for more than two decades,
yet, there has been no comprehensive programme and endeavour at training
social studies teachers. As a result, most of those who teach social studies
never received any training in teaching social studies. Most teacher-trainers,
themselves the products of the traditional system, naturally experience
difficulties in training their student-teachers in their methodology of social
studies.
Any new
discipline in the curriculum normally calls for its textbooks and other
learning materials. There is an acute dearth of appropriate textbooks for
social studies in Nigeria. If social studies is not to be a regeneration of
history, geography and government in new garb, books in the area need to be
urgently developed.
There is an
undue emphasis on the cognitive learning domain of social studies at the
expense of the affective and psychomotor domains.
Students,
parents and teachers express doubts as to the relative merit of social studies
in the school curriculum and in the future of the pupils' academic career. They
seem· to see it as a "cog" in the educational wheel, preventing early
specialization in history, geography and government and blurring the chances
of access to university education in the traditional subjects.
There seems
to be considerable disagreement as to how the learning’s of the students in
social studies are to be evaluated. It is our view that the proper evaluation
of social studies in the school test the cognitive, affective and psychomotor
domains. The balance between these will depend on the given situation. Both the
essay and the objective-type questions may be used as may be necessary.
Unless we
are convinced about the merit of social studies, we may not be sufficiently
strongly disposed to find solutions to these problems. And for so long as these
problems persist, for so long will the teaching of social studies be hindered.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The
pedagogical method of education has dealt a great havoc to our education
system. As a result we have the problems of cultism in the secondary schools
and tertiary institutions to contend with. The students vandalize school
properties, kill and main1their fellow students and teachers; they are threat
to themselves and the society in which they live and above all they have been
performing woefully in their academic out-put generally.
Anih, S.
(2004: 109) states that negligence of reason results in the loss of everything.
He emphasized the need for redesigning of Nigeria’s education philosophy. We
need an authentic philosophy or education to solve national problems in
Nigeria.
The problem
of what to teach has to do with the curriculum of education while the problem
of how to teach is concerned with the method to be used in teaching and
learning business to make learning effective. The management or bureaucratic
problem is the mother of all problems since management is concerned with
planning, directing, controlling organizing and supervising of any
organization.
Quite
unfortunately, there are many mediocres in the various levels of administrative
cadres of our education system. Inthe classrooms, there are teachers who are
not qualified to teach in the first place but they are for one reason or the
other. Because they do not understand the nature of impact any meaningful
learning to the learner.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose
of the study is to enlighten Nigerians on the need to change to an innovative
and effective system of education and there reflective method meets the entire
requirement for moving Nigerian educational system forward.
This
research study aims among other things:
i. To do a survey on Nigeria's
education system with a view to finding out how the pedagogical conventional
method of education has affected the teaching and learning of social studies in
Nigeria.
ii. To show evidence of misplaced
priorities in approach to educational issue in Nigeria.
iii. To evaluate the teaching profession with a
view to finding a lasting solution to the problems confronting the teaching
profession, e.g. the Issues of falling standard of education; poor academic
performance/ achievement of pupils/ students; teachers incessant strikes and
cultism in our schools.
iv. To see that the child as the center of
education is given its rightful place in the education process.
v. To point out and place the right
values to our education system.
vi. To show how the learner centred educational
approach could be used to address the socio-economic, political and cultural
issues that affect education in Nigeria.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study is
important in that it will enlighten Nigerians on how to think critically,
creatively, caringly and collaboratively in all ramifications of life.
The
importance of this study is that the outcome of the inquiry will be useful in:
1. Addressing the Issue of academic
backwardness of pupils/ students in social studies class.
2. It will address the problems of lack
of motivation for the teachers and the taught in social studies class.
3. It will address the problem of
placing much emphasis on rote learning and memorization which does not elicit
thinking in the learner.
4. The study is like a roadmap
showing/directing our course objectives in social studies class.
5. The study will provide a format for
redesigning the social studies curriculum.
6. The study will help the teacher's
educators in the colleges of education to see the importance of giving adequate
training to the student teachers that is in line with modern methods of education.
7. It will help the student teachers to
embrace this innovative method of performance/achievement through the teaching
of thinking skills in a community of inquiry format.
8. It will help the education curriculum
designers in formulating better curriculum for our schools.
9. it will help to solve the problems of
cultism and examination malpractices in our schools and education system.
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1. What are the causes of poor performance among
students in learning social studies?
2. Does teachers’ performance influence
students’ academic performances?
3. What are the effects of students’ poor
performance in social studies?
4. What are the possible solutions to poor
performance in social studies?
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