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IMPACT OF
EFFECTIVE PLANNING ON TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the study
Planning in
the context of education entails the process of setting objectives and
determining the means to achieving the objectives. It entails deciding in
advance what to be taught how, to teach, when to teach, who is be taught, and
the evaluation of recipient. Planning is
the beginning of teaching and learning process, before a teacher goes to the
class to deliver any lesson, he plans such lessons while education administrators
make policy and plan the curriculum for the school to implement them. Through planning for a lesson makes the
teaching-learning encounter valuable and productive impact. Conversely, no
planning leads to a wasteful and unproductive lesson. The motion pervades
education at all levels and in all
subject areas (Egbe, 2008). There
appears to be widespread agreement not only on the value of planning, but also
on the substance and format of plans. The plan that enlisted universal
acceptance contains the purposes, experiences and their organization and
evaluation. If a lesson is to be effective, the teacher needs to make decision
in these areas before the lesson. He needs to identify the objectives he
intends to develop, the knowledge or subject-matter, objectives as well as the
process and effective objectives. He needs to select and organize students
learning experience that will develop the objective. He needs to make decision
about activities to be used, materials to be gathered, amount of time to be
spent, and other matters. Finally, he needs to decide what method or instrument
to use to determine whether the teaching accomplished the objective of the
lesson.
The notion
that effective planning will give direction to teaching and result in worthwhile
efficient learning has considerable logical validity. It would seem that
careful, detailed planning concerning purposes, experiences and evaluation
would result in useful and appropriate teacher behavior in the classroom. But
is this assumption valid? Does planning increase the effectiveness of teaching
and learning? It is against this background that the researcher deemed the
subject matter. The impact of effective planning on teaching and learning
process worthy of investigation.
1.2 Statement of problem
The state of
teaching is fast deteriorating in primary school in Chikun Local Government
Area. Consequently, pupils become disenchanted and apathetic toward learning.
As such it becomes imperative to reappraise the impact of effective planning on
teaching and learning process in Chikun Local Government Area of Kaduna State.
The main pedagogical problems to consider is: Does effective planning have a
beneficial effect on teaching and learning?
Hence, the subject matter of this research the impact of effective
planning on teaching and learning process becomes an empirical problem worthy
of investigation.
1.3 Objectives of the study
The main
objective of the study is to examine the impact of effective planning on
teaching and learning process in Chikun Local Government Area of Kaduna State.
The specific objectives are:
i. To examine the beneficial effect of
planning on teaching.
ii. To evaluate how planning affect
learning.
iii. To identify the problems militating against
planning in schools in the area of the study.
iv. To proffer possible solutions to the
identified problems affecting effective planning in schools in Chikun Local
Government Area of Kaduna State.
1.4 Research Questions
i. What are the beneficial effect of planning
on teaching?
ii. How does planning affects learning?
iii. What are the problems militating against
planning in schools?
v. What are the possible solutions to this
problems?
1.5 Significance of the study
The study
will be useful to schools in Chikun Local Government Areas in particular and
other schools in Kaduna and indeed Nigeria. Especially as they utilize the
findings of this study as a basis for lesson, planning, administrative planning
and general planning of school management. The study will be a good reference
material for students, scholars and individuals undertaking similar research.
It can be used as a spring board to undertake their own research.
1.6 Basic Assumptions
1. Planning enhances teaching and learning
in primary schools in Chikun Local Government Area.
2. Planning give direction to teachers in
Chikun Local Government Area.
3. Planning lead to the actualization of
the educational objective of Chikun Local Government Area.
4. Education planning in school is
confronted with problems of inadequate data and skilled personnel in Chikun
Local Government Area from twelve selected primary schools with a total
population of 211 respondents using the Crusious (2001) sample size technique
which advocate for ten percent of the total population as the appropriate sample size.
1.7 Scope and Limitation of the study
The study
covers an examination of the impact of planning on teaching and learning
process in twelve selected primary schools from in Chikun Local Government Area
of Kaduna State. To this end, the study examines the beneficial effect of
planning on teaching as well as learning. The study equally identify the
problems militating against effective planning in schools in Chikun Local
Government Area as well as making recommendation to the barriers to effective
planning’s in schools. Study covers a time from 2011 to 2012 being the
timeframe for this study.
1.8 Definition of Terms ·
Planning:
The process of setting objectives and the means to attain educational
goals.
Curriculum:
Sequence of teaching and learning in form of plans and intentions.
Lesson plan:
Setting specific objective in order to effectively teach what is in a scheme of
work.
Policy:
Framework formulated in order to actualized educational attainment in a state.
Forecast:
Projection into future goal attainment
in school.
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