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INTERNET AND
EDUCATION
ABSTRACT
This study
was carried out in three senior secondary schools randomly selected from Orile
Agege and Ifako Ijaiye Local Community Development Areas of Lagos State. The
study is to highlight the comprehensive data analysis of the effect of internet
on the education of some secondary It school students.
A total of
90 students and 10 teachers/instructors were interviewed in three schools
through questionnaire and one-on-one interviews. The study has been able to
find out how the students arc acquainted with knowledge from the most
innovative technological advancement - the internet.
Also the
study has been able to determine the students access to both the mobile phone
and computer system which are their link to the internet and how often and
effective they make use of them.
Finally,
there is no doubt that this study will actually inspire other students to take
more interest in the use of the internet and make good use of its positive
sides to impact on the society.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
It has been
emphasised that the internet is a universal phenomenon. The world has been
reduced into a global village with the incursion of the internet. The internet
which began in the late 1970s has been a major eye opener to the people of the
world. The experience of internet is a fresh awakening to events, issues,
activities and economy of the world. It is a departure from lack of knowledge,
insensitivity and obvious archaic ways of doing things.
The
internet, like the name implies 'international network' (the large system of
connected computers around the world which allow people to share information
and communicate with each other), has opened doors of diverse engagements to
different classes of people in the world. No profession is excluded in the
build-up or development of internet. Relationships both economically and
mutually have extended and improved tremendously. The level of awareness,
creativity and insight is enlarged.
We cannot
talk about the internet without a remarkable reference to the computer. The
computer is an electronic device that processes data in accordance with
programmed instructions or directives. It is what you give or feed the computer
that determines its output. The overall activity of a computer can be summarized
thus: 'Garbage In Garbage Out' (GIGO). With the coming of the computer, feats
that had been difficult to achieve became easy and neater in output.
A computer
has the visible and invisible peripherals that aid its activities. The visible
or physical components also known as hardware are the monitor (screen),
keyboard and central processing units (CPU). The software or invisible parts
are the programs installed in the memory (R OM), these programs determine the
effective workings of the computer. The speed (how fast it works), the things
it can do, etc., all depend on the software in it. Most computers perform
specialized functions depending on the area of specialization of its user. Some
function dependably in typesetting, accounting, graphic designing, music
mixing/editing and soon.
The usage
and wide acceptance of computer created an inroad for the coming of internet.
Accessibility to the internet is only possible with the use of computer and
most recently with innovations like the laptops, phones with web installations.
Nowadays, to access the internet is at the tip of the finger once you are
connected, so to say.
The internet
is composed of many inter-connected computer networks. Each network may link
tens, hundreds or even thousands of computers, enabling them to share
information and processing power. The internet has made it possible for people
allover the world to communicate with one another effectively and
inexpensively. The internet has brought new opportunities to government,
business and education. Many individuals use the internet for communicating
through electronic mail (e-mail), retrieving news, researching information,
shopping, paying bills, banking, listening to music. watching movies, playing
games and even making telephone calls. Educational institutions use the
internet for research and to deliver online courses and course materials to
students.
Currently,
the number of users of the internet can only be estimated. The World Wide Web
(www) was developed in the 80s by British physicist and computer scientist,
Timothy Berners-Lee (he received the Millennium Technology Prize in 2004 for
this great feat), this replaced file transfer as the application used for most
internet traffic. The internet is the highway system· over which web traffic
and traffic from other applications move.
It must be
noted that the internet plays a significant role in education. Education is the
process of teaching and learning in a school or college, or the knowledge that
you get from this. In the contemporary age, education and internet are closely
related because we can see that students of different ages make use of the internet
to aid their works in terms of getting information, formulae, research, etc.
both cannot be separated these days.
Historically,
education was achieved orally and through observation and imitation. Youngsters
learned informally from their parents, extended family and grandparents. At
later stages in life, children received instruction of a more structured and
formal nature, imparted by people not necessarily related, in the context of
initiation, religion or ritual. Since the beginning of human existence, each
generation has sought to pass on cultural and social values. tradition,
morality, religion and skills to the next generation though one form of
education or the other which is part of the past and present teaching and
learning process.
With the
gradual rise of more complex civilizations in the river valleys of Egypt and
Babylonia, knowledge became too complicated to transmit directly from person to
person and from generation to generation. For man to be able to function in
complex societies, he needed some way of accumulating, recording and preserving
his cultural heritage. So, with the rise of trade, government and formal
religion came the invention of writing.
With the
development of writing in about 3500 BC in ancient civilizations around the
world, it became possible for stories, poetry, knowledge, beliefs and customs
to be recorded and passed on more accurately to people out of earshot and to
future generations.
During this
period, the scribes of the court and the priests of the temple were designated
as teachers to teach the children either in the vast majority who learn
exclusively by an informal apprenticeship or the tiny minority who received
formal schooling. The method ofl earning then was memorization and the
motivation was the fear of harsh physical discipline.
Before the
1900 A D in most African countries south of the Sahara, children received
traditional informal education on matters such as artistic performances,
ceremonies, rituals, games, festivals, dancing, singing and drawing. Boys and
girls were taught separately to help prepare each sex for their adult roles.
All members of the community contributed to the educational upbringing of the
child. The high point of the African educational experience was the ritual
passage ceremony from childhood to adulthood.
Nigeria has
progressed steadily in the development of education. Here, the education system
is supervised by the state and the first six years of primary education are
compulsory in Nigeria. Higher education has developed considerably over the
years, which has resulted in a healthy literacy rate this is the responsibility
of both the federal and state governments.
Christian
missionaries introduced the· western education system in Nigeria in the
mid-19th century. By 1990, three fundamentally distinct education systems
existed in Nigeria - the indigenous system, the Quranic schools and formal
European-style of educational institutions.
Notably, we
have three basic types of education namely formal, informal and non-formal
education.
Informal
education happens outside the classroom, in after-school programs, community
based organizations, museums, libraries or at home. The setting of this type of
education is to make children useful to parents at home. Informal education is
a truly life-long process whereby every individual acquires skills, values,
attitudes and knowledge from daily experience and the educative influences and
resources in his or her environment from family and neighbours, from work and
play, from the market place, the library and the mass media.
Formal
education is the process of training and developing people in knowledge,
skills, mind and character in a structural and certified program. It is
classroom-based and provided by trained teachers. In Nigeria formal education
is traceable to the efforts of European missionaries around 1842. At this time,
education was regarded as of fundamental importance to the spread of
Christianity.
Formal
education runs from primary school through the university and including, in additional
to general academic studies, a variety of specialized programmes and
institutions for full-time technical and professional training.
Non-formal
education is any organized educational activity outside the established formal
system whether operating separately or as an important feature of some broader
activity that is intended to serve identifiable learning clienteles and
learning objectives.
The major
distinction between these three forms of education is largely administrative
whileformal education is linked with schools and training institutions,
non-formal is linked with community, groups and other organizations and
informal covers what is left e.g, interactions with friends, family and work
colleagues.
Of these
three, formal and informal is the most appreciable and the researcher is
concentrating the study on formal education where the internet is considered
for use.
Secondary
school students now use the internet through search engines like Google and
other internet applications like Bolt, Opera Mini, etc. To get information on
topics that are not too clear in class. By digesting the information they get,
they have a clearer knowledge of the subject at hand. On the other hand,
secondary school students are now addicted to the internet with the use of
social networking sites like Facebook; Twitter, To Go, etc. Musical/video sites
like You tube, itune, etc, These sites are great distractions to students and
other youths because it does not allow them to concentrate on their studies
fully.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Notwithstanding
the fact that secondary school students cannot be restricted from using the
internet, this research project is meant to address issues, such as, is the use
of the internet a blessing or a curse? Is there anyway secondary school
students can be encouraged to use the internet to achieve positive goals
educationally instead of exploring the negative sites to their detriment.
We are meant
to know through this study if their Intelligence Quoficient is developed with
the use of the internet and if their thinking is improved in anyway. Also, how
this global networking innovation has helped them more in their dedication to
their studies and made them responsible to themselves, their community and the
society at large.
Internet to
some people is a distraction while to others, it is an attraction. It is in the
researcher's interest to find out what stands.
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES
AIM
The Internet
plays a significant role in the lives of young people today. Previous research
point to advantages as well as disadvantages of the use of the Internet in a
formal educational context. The aim of this study is to unveil the impact of
the internet in the lives of some secondary school students. Its advantages
arid disadvantages as it concerns their education.
The
objectives are:
1. To reveal how the internet has supported
the education of secondary school students through the various sites available
to them.
2. The promotion of the learning and
knowledge of secondary school pupils with the use of internet.
3. Also, the study will give us an insight
into how these set of people have negatively used the internet to their
disadvantage. Thereby, the internet has become an hindrance to their learning
process with their venturing or going to sites that do not have good or
positive impact on them.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study
is meant to be beneficial to secondary school students most especially,
educationists, proprietors of secondary schools and also parents. They are
meant to discover the positive and negative effects of the internet on, the
students.
This research
is relevant to the society, secondary schools and other players like
educationists and academicians, who handle this category of students.
The
relevance cannot be under-estimated because many people, especially parents may
not know that some students have turned to bad eggs with their knowledge of the
internet. This bad influence which they are passing or have transferred to
their other age mates make the situation worse.
Instead of
looking for sites that would be beneficial to them and their education, they go
in search or obscene sites to watch or download sexual scenes/cuts that are not
meant for them or their age range or messaging sites and chatting all day long.
1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
Three major
secondary schools in Agege Local Government Area will be considered in the
course of this study. They arc Vetland Senior Grammar School, Lagooz College
and Jellylas Group of Schools, Agege, Lagos. These three schools are amongst
the highly respected schools in this community with full internet facilities
for the students and their teachers.
Questionnaires
and interviews will be used to get the reaction of the students and their
teachers to the subject. About 90 students and 10 teachers will be considered
in this study. A comprehensive and well-designed questionnaire is planned to
cover all the necessary aspects.
Open-ended
and close-ended questions would be asked so as to get adequate and appropriate
responses.
1.6 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
The
researcher would have loved to do more, that is, cover more grounds, visit more
schools, unfortunately financial constraints is an obstacle. Added to this is
time factor as there was limited time to administer and collect the
questionnaires issued out.
The school
authorities were suspicious of the intent of the research as they felt it could
affect their image.
Also, some
of the students insisted on permission from their parents before responding
evenafter getting the school permission.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
ARPA -
Advanced Research Projects Agency
TCP/IP -
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
VOIP - Voice over Internet Protocol
SMS - Short Message Service
ROM - Read Only Memory
RAM - Random Access Memory
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