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PROBLEMS AND
PROSPECT OF TEACHING OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS
ABSTRACT
The topic is
Problems and Prospects of Teaching and Learning English in our Secondary
Schools. The study is aimed at studying the problems and prospects encountered
by students and teachers in the teaching and learning of English under a second
language situation. Two public secondary schools under Ifako Ijaye Local
Government Area of Education District 1 were purposively selected for the
study. The two schools were: Sanmori Senior High School and Vetland Senior
Grammar School. All in the same district. All SS3 students and the English Language
teachers in the two schools were given questionnaire. In all 100 students from
the two schools were selected of 25 female students and 25 male students from
each school. However, all English Language teachers in the two schools
responded to the questionnaire. The descriptive statistics method was employed
in analyzing the data collected. The obtained frequency counts were expressed
in percentage based on the total number of respondents. The analysis showed
that the problems encountered in the teaching and learning of English Language
in schools are numerous ranging from teachers work load, non-availability of
relevant textbooks, large population leading to in attention on the part of the
students. It was suggested that: teachers of English should be given fewer
periods to manage per day - per week to allow them give adequate attention to
every individual child in the classroom. Schools can adopt the system
ofteaching aspects in English. That is: A teacher or two can be assigned to
teach composition give topics out and endeavor to mark the students note to
mark necessary corrections. At least, one composition should be written every
week to improve the communicative competence of students. Since English
Language is our Lingua Franca and every school child is expected to learn the
language as the medium of instruction and the language of Education all efforts
should be geared towards the easy learning of the language in our secondary
schools.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE
IN NIGERIA
The first
contact between Nigeria and English Language dates back to the 16th century
when the Colonial masters started colonizing the West Coast of the Sudan. It is
started by what is popularly known as Pidgin English which was used to
communicate between the colonial master and the people of West Coast English
Language has since then assumed a variety of roles in Nigeria.
1.2 THE STATUS AND ROLE OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN
NIGERIA
The role of
English as a major language in Nigeria does not require a lot of proof. Infant
Bamigbose (1970) asserted that of all the heritage left behind in Nigeria by
British at the end of colonial administration, probably none is more important
than the English Language. This can be validated by the fact that English
Language has grown over the years through its use not only as a lingua franca,
but also as the language of political, economic, cultural science and
technology development of Nigeria. It is also the second language, the language
of governance and administration, business, communications, presently, much
significant is attached to English Language both in the labour market and
within the educational system in Nigeria.
English is
the medium of institution from about the third year in the educational system
in Nigeria. Because of its role and importance in the social, political,
economic, as well as educational life of the country, its teaching and learning
is therefore made compulsory in the secondary schools in Nigeria.
However, the
language is not being taught neither is it being learnt properly especially at
the secondary school level. This accounts for the students' poor performance in
the subjects in West Africa School Certificates Examination (WASCE) and Senior
Secondary Certificate Examination (SSCE). This study is therefore to examine
those problems that are responsible for the difficulties being encountered in
the teaching and learning of English Language in secondary school.
One wonder,
is it the annual changes of English Language teachers or wrong teaching method
of the teachers that cause the poor performance of students in WASCE and SSCE
Examination, there is therefore the necessity to research into the cause of the
problems confronting the effective teaching and learning of English Language in
our secondary schools.
1.3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The need for
good mastery of English Language schools and in the society at large can not be
overemphasized hence the need for a research into the problem militating
against the effective teaching and learning of English Language in secondary
schools.
The problem
under review is the survey of the problems and prospects of teaching and
learning of English Language. Some selected secondary schools in Ifako-Ijaye
Local Government Area of Education District IV Lagos.
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The objectives
of this work are to examine and determine the problems confronting effective
teaching and learning of English Language in secondary schools in Ifako-Ijaye
Local Government Area of Education District I, Lagos. It is also aimed at
finding out the prospects of teaching and learning of the language. The
following will be considered in this study. It will try to:
(i) Investigate the
problems militating against the effective
teaching of English
Language.
(ii) Find out why many students usually perform
poorly in English Language.
(iii) Investigate the problems facing students in
the learning of English Language.
(iv) Determine the prospects of teachers and
learners of English Language and also
(v) Make some suggestions for improvement in
the teaching and learning of English Language.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study
is addressed to students, teachers, principals, educations planners and
administrations those who have interest in the Nigeria educational system and
particularly to the state ministry of education. It is hoped that all those who
feel concerned about the poor performance of students in English Language will
also find work useful to them. It is also hoped that this work will receive
general acceptability if its suggestions, recommendations and solutions for
effective teaching and learning of English are put into practice.
1.6 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
In order to
achieve the aims of this study, attempt is made to provide answers to the
following questions:
(i) What effort is governments making towards
the supply of adequate and qualified English Language teachers in our secondary
schools are teachers encouraged to remain within the teaching profession?
(ii) Does the school authority show much interest
in the study of English Language by way of supplying its library with adequate
and relevant textbooks? Are there enough and relevant teaching aids, furniture
and other facilities to create a conducive learning environment?
(iii) Is the speaking of English learning in
school being enforced? Are students encouraged to listen to radio and watch
Standard English programmes on televisions? Is the bastardized Pidgin English
discouraged among students?
(iv) What are the attitude of parents towards
their children studying and speaking English? Do parents buy relevant and
adequate English textbooks for their children? Are students from literate
homes?
(v) What are the professional qualifications of
teachers in schools? How adequate are the teachers compared to the number of
students being taught?
(vi) Do teachers of English Language use suitable
teaching methods? And what are their attitude towards low achievers?
(vii) Is
there effective and. timely supervisions of English Language teachers by the
state ministry of English Language?
(viii) What
are other prospects of teaching or education of English
Language?
(ix) What are other problems confronting teachers
and students in effective teaching and learning of English Language?
(x) Are student's hard working and ready to
learn and pass English Language?
(xi) What view do the students hold about English
providing them with job opportunities and further studies?
1.7 SCOPE AND LLIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The study is
limited to two secondary school in Ifako-Ijaye Local Government Area of
Education District I, Lagos because of the time limit and financial constraint.
The two schools have got up to SSS 3 class. This study of the prospects and
problems of English Language is based on questionnaire filled by both the
students and the teachers of English Language in the selected schools and on
material extracted from related literature.
1.8 DEFINITIONS OF TERMS
The
operational following terms used in this study are defined for the purpose of
clarity.
TEACHING: It
is a deliberate attempt to impart knowledge skills and competence. In this
case, it is a deliberate effort geared towards students mastering of English
Language a facilitator of learning.
LEARNING:
Itis the process of acquiring and retaining knowledge skills etc which can not
be attributed to inherited behaviour
pattern.
LINGUA
FRANCA: It has a language spoken habitually by people of different mother tongues
in' orders to facilitate communication and understanding between them. For
example, English Language is used among different ethnic groups in Nigeria.
MOTHER
TONGUE: It is a language of a group of inhabitants of an, area which they
acquired in their early years and normally becomes their natural instrument of
thought and communication. E.g.
Yoruba
Language, Igbo Language and Hausa Language of various groups of Nigerians. It
is the first language of a child (Ll).
SECOND
LANGUAGE: A language of a bilingual person that he acquired aside from mother
tongue.
PIDGIN
ENGLISH: A language resulting from contact between the British traders and the
local people of Nigeria containing elements of the local or indigenous
languages and English used for internal communication.
MEDIUM OF
INSTRUCTIONS: A language used in the teaching of other subjects in the schools
and colleges.
PROBLEMS:
These are the difficulties confronting teachers and learners of English
Language.
PROSPECTS:
These are the advantages hopes for after the effective' teaching and learning
of English Language e.g. job opportunities. SECONDARY SCHOOLS: These are post
primary institutions at the end of which students take the Senior School
Certificate Examinations.
LINGUSTICS:
Scientific study of language.
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