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THE
INFLUENCE OF THE SOCIETY ON STUDENTS’ PERFORMANCE
ABSTRACT
Scholars’
preoccupation with the teaching and learning of English language among other languages
in this part of the world is founded as it is the language of instruction in
schools as well as the lingua franca in many African nations, Nigeria included.
Given that students and their teachers do not exist in isolations of the
society influencing students' performance in English language as a subject in
the secondary school.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of study
Language is
a code, a vehicle through which thoughts and creativity are conveyed. English
language is not an exception. The arrival of Europeans at Badagry in the early
18th century marked the beginning of modern or western education in Nigeria.
The Europeans were mostly English speaking concentrated on enlightening the
people, teaching them to read and write.
As a means of spreading the gospel, they therefore built school wherever
land was available and there was adherents. The primary objectives of the early
missionary education were basically to convert Nigerians to Christianity, to
train pastors and few teachers to translate the Bible. In order to accomplish the above stated
objectives, the missionaries discovered that unless Nigerians were trained to
read, write and communicate in English
effectively,
nothing can be achieved. Hence, schools were established and patterned along
the British model. English language was the only medium of instruction (lingua
franca) provided by the missionaries. This united and has continued to the
heterogeneous groups in the country. The fact that English language was used as
a medium of instruction only in schools is the root cause of the influence of
the society on students' performance on the language. Outside school, in
different domains, indigenous language are more readily used than English. Since English is not our native language,
students find it difficult in using it to express themselves both in speech and
in writing.
Like any
other language, English acquired through listening, speaking, reading and
writing the four language skills.
However, it is saddening to know that secondary students perform below
expectation in English as subject and also were English in the medium of
instruction. In other words, students' proficiency in English as far reaching
effects than their ability to speak the language well-a much criterion for
judging language ability.
Of all the
language skills mentioned above (i.e. listening, speaking, reading and
writing), listening is more basic for the acquisition of language. Babies first
of all listen to sounds in their environment and attempt to produce them in
speech. Thereafter, they learn hoe to read, recognize for the sound they are
auditorily familiar with, and they learn how to write out these symbols. The quality of the sound and the expression
listened to directly determine the quality of output by a child. In the same way except for those who augment
with quality reading materials, students in secondary school produce nothing
more than what they up from the society.
Listening skill of the student with regard to English language is
hampered because the students' immediate environment, at home and in the
general community with whom the students commune in English, some of them do
not speak good quality English, courtesy of unchecked interference of the
indigenous language as well as sub-standard education. Also media, which could
have been good avenues for enhancing the students' listening, are not available
in many homes. As for the homes in which they are available, many students from
such homes prefer programmes which are not particularly suited to the
enhancement of their English listening skills.
Teachers
The
vocations of the teachers place them at a vintage point in the experience of
English language that students have, as members or the society themselves,
teachers are able to witness how students come in contact with in language
outside the school. Outside the school domain, teachers are parents, guardians,
church goers, shoppers, and media consumer in turn, in acting their roles in
these different domains, they witness firsthand, the kind of exposure to
English language which
students
have in larger society because these are the domains in which students interact
with many other members of the society.
1.2 Statement of problem
Every man is
a product of the society in which he lives and the traits he exhibits ate
almost always influenced by his society. For secondary school students, their
use of English derives from the exposure they have in the society at large.
Their performance in school is therefore linked with their interaction within
the society. The kind of influence which the society has on the students and
the performance of the latter based on this influence is the preoccupation of
this study. In order to approximately
ascertain the nature and extent of such influence, the students looked to the
teachers for direction.
1.3 Objectives of study
In
determining the nature of societal influence on students; performance, the
study seeks to draw attention to the excesses caused by the society in the
process of the student cannot take leave of the society, suggestion are given
as to how such excesses may be managed and curbed. In essence the specific of the objectives of
the study are:
v To
determine the frequency of students' use of the English language outside the
school.
v To
determine the factors responsible for students' choice of English language
outside the school.
v To
ascertain the people to whom students speak English outside the school.
v To seek
ways in which English language can be improved in the society
1.4 Research Questions
i. How
often students use the English language outside the school and for what
purpose?
ii. What determines language choice in other
domains apart from that of formal learning in schools?
iii. Who are those with whom students speak
English outside the school?
iv. In what way can English language use be
improved in the society?
1.5 Significance of study
English is
one subject needed by every students aspiring to study in a tertiary
institution in Nigeria. Despite the fact that the UTME and tertiary institution
authority have this stand clear and do not compromise on it, a lot of students
still find it difficult to pass the subject and therefore stand a chance to be
offered provisional admission. Exposing the inherent pitfalls in society's
influence on English language learning and acquisition can help both the
teachers and the students to tackle the problem and better equip learners to
perform optimally. Armed with this knowledge, parents, teachers and other
career givers will be made aware of the opportunities available to them for
helping children and wards to learn appreciate the English language better and
in essence improve their performance not only at school but also outside
school.
1.6 Limitations of Study
In the
course of conducting this research work it is expected that the following will
constitute impediments to the effective conduct of the study
a) Time constraint within which the study
must be completed.
b) Financial constraint
c) Inaccessible and inadequate data
d) Also, combining project work with several
other activities is another stressful task that may not allow me to cover
research materials extensively.
Nevertheless,
I believe the above limitations will in no way affect the reliability and
validity of the research study.
1.7 Definition and terms
Influence:-
This may be defined as the ability by a person or thing to affect another.
Performance- It can be said to be an act or a way in
which a thing or person performs.
Society-
This is a group of people considered to share certain characteristics by virtue
of their living together.
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