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CAUSES AND
EFFECT OF MASS FAILURE IN JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION
(JSSCE)
ABSTRACT
There has
been a problem for some years now, student’s poor academic performance in
junior secondary school certificate examination. It is always on the increase,
in the light of this significant problem that this study is based to find out
the causes and effect of mass failure in junior secondary certificate
examination(JSSCE) in Awka education zone
of Anambra state, how ever the centre of interest is on
junior mathematics examination. In the process of the study,( 5)
research questions were formulated and tested, to validate these research questions (10) schools was
randomly selected from the entire population. Research instrument in form of
questionnaire was administered to the area involved in the study. On the whole
(250) research questionnaires were sampled to the respondents which include
students and their teachers while (200) respondents were collected. Based on
the findings of this study some recommendation were made as follows, government
and other stake holders in education should provide adequate facilities and
conducive environment to enable teachers function effectively, and teachers on
there part ,must assume positive professional attitude, and show more
willingness, more moral maturity and more commitment in the conduct of their
professional duties. Government should employ more qualified teachers and those
with qualification low than (NCE) should be sponsored for in- service training
and distance education programme. Conclusion more effort should be made to
improve the teaching and learning of mathematics in junior secondary schools
for positive change in student performances.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0 BACKGROUND OF STUDY.
For Nigeria
to realize her dream in the development of junior secondary school, the citizen
of the country must show outstanding performance in all secondary school
subjects .In recent years, student academic achievement in junior secondary
school certificate examination has been on the decline. Poor performance among
junior secondary school students who are the focus of this study, has been
attributed to two board factors which includes hereditary and environmental
factors can be subdivided into students, home, teachers, and school factors
(Nwankwo, 2001) .Ojunleye B. (2009) reports that one of the major causes of
academic failure by students is deeply rooted in ineffective study techniques.
She further observed that effective study habits do not just happen, rather
they are acquired and have to be processed to make them firmly established in
students to became a style of intellectual
functioning .Onyejiaku in iyalla(2001) strongly feels that there are certain underlying techniques which every
student who wants to excel in academic most recognize, realize, internalize and practice .Academic
performance basically devoted a student attainment in a learning situation .The
academic performance of a student may be high average, good, poor, or low. Bal
care (1986) outlined many factors, personality factors like anxiety, level of
aspiration, motivation to learn, self concept need for achievement, emotional
problems and study habit .Teaching and learning of junior subjects requires
classroom teaching, laboratory investigation and field practices for effective
acquisition of the skills.
However, most junior secondary
schools lack not only qualified teachers but also teaching materials for
practical. Effective teaching in junior secondary schools depends on the way
the teachers impact knowledge to the students frequent field practical, regular
use of instructional material for teaching and learning .it has been discovered
that if these methods have been used
effectively it will result for proper acquisition skills in junior secondary
subjects. The establishment of junior secondary school education by the state
government in Awka zone Anambra state like any other states has the same aims
and objective as the national policy specify that secondary education is the
education receive after primary education and before the tertiary institution
The junior
secondary school certificate examination(JSSCE) is an external examination
organized and conducted by the ministry of education, it is the only instrument
that could evaluate the performance of both students and teachers at the end of
junior secondary school career .The success or failure of the student in
examination is a clear manifestation of the student academic activities during
the course ,success or good performances determine a brighter future for the
individual while failure is disastrous
as it always indicate ,a dropout which is the common effect in the area of this
study.
Years back
‘academic performance of students in junior secondary school certificate
examination(JSSCE) in Awka educational zone Anambra state had become mass
failure .This sad perpetual occurrence in the area of study had become a matter
for serious concern to parents, guardian , states and nation .This situation of
things has made it pertinent for us to
ask why and what are the causes of mass failure of student and the effects in
junior certificate examination in these years as compared to the past as the
mass failure has reflected on the retrogression of a good considerable member
of prospective youth in the state .It is against the background that this
project focuses attention upon the major causes and effects that militate
against student performance in the junior secondary school certificate
examination in these selected secondary
schools over a number of years, without dealing on student activities while in
school and unfold their weak points which have reflected their failure .The
staffing and qualify of teachers in there schools should also be examined
critically and relate it to students performance in the certificate examination
.The part played by parents and guardian cannot be forgotten in the
investigations and also the Anambra state government running of secondary schools would be closely
examined .The researcher is confident that among the above enumerated sources
and others will foster a smooth research to find out the problems affecting
student academic performance.
Finally, it
is obvious that this findings of the study will definitely aspire the
researcher to seek for possible suggestions and recommendations to students and
teachers, parents, sponsors and government bring and end to student mass
failure in a such external junior certificate examination and improve student
performance in the future examination in these schools and other parts of the
country having similar educational problems.
1.1 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
Perhaps not
much attention has been given to the performance of students in junior
secondary school subjects in recent years .This neglect, no doubt has relegated
this junior subjects to the background in our junior secondary certificate
examination .
A close look
at the 2004/2008 JSSCE result records confirms that student’s performance has
been very poor generally and the increasing number of school dropout in the
area of the study is a clear pointer of the theme. It is obvious that one of the problems
militating against student performance is caused by the students who are not
dedicated to their studies in school. The administration, quality of teachers,
and their method of teaching in these schools, the negative attitude of
students in classroom, the parents in ability to provide useful materials like
test books, exercise books and school fees, and problem of inadequate
instructional materials for teaching and learning in schools. What then could
be responsible for this problem in our junior secondary education system? This
study, therefore, is directed at finding out the causes and effect of mass
failure in junior secondary certificate examination.
1.2 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The main
purpose of this study was to find out the causes and effect of mass failure in
junior secondary school certificate examination. The interest of the researcher
is to examine critically and identify the cause and effect of mass failure in
junior secondary certificate examination. Specifically the study sought to find
out if 1. There are sufficient numbers of qualified teachers in junior secondary
school 2.The negative attitude of students towards mathematics 3.there are
adequate instructional material 4. There are motivation to student by the
teacher during mathematics class 5.There are good background from primary
school and the contribution of parent towards their children, Allocation of
sufficient time for teaching in junior classes.
1.3
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Thestudent
will be able to appreciate the importance of the effective domain like interest
and motivation in improving their performance. With thisawareness, the student
might put up a positive attitude, which will increase their performance and
enhance higher grades in junior subjects. Junior secondary school teachers will
also be able to adjust their teaching methods and offer remedial helps where
they find out that student are putting up a low attitude towards the subject
.State government will also see the need of guidance and counselor in each
school’s, the ministry of Education and curriculum planners will find the result
of this study useful for better organization of junior subjects in Education.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The research
is a study on the causes and effect of mass failure in junior secondary school
certificate examination (JSSCE) in Awka Education zone of Anambra state, the
area in which attention is focused is on junior mathematics. It is limited only
to junior secondary schools in Awka zone.
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTION
To carry out
a detailed study of the research the following research question are
developed.1.Does previous academic background affected students in studying
mathematics? 2. To what extent does insufficient number of qualified
mathematics teachers and shortage of instructional material affects student
eagerness? 3. What effect does poor
attitude of student and low interest in mathematics towards their performance
in junior mathematics? 4. To what extent does difficult nature of mathematics
as perceived by studenthaveontheir academic failure? 5. What are the suggested
strategies for the improvement of students in mathematics examination?
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