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THE IMPACT
OF COMPUTER STUDIES ON BUSINESS EDUCATION STUDIES IN HIGHER INSTITUTIONS OF
LEARNING
Abstract
The study
was carried out on the impact of computer studies on business education in
higher institutions of learning in Enugu State. The sample from this study
comprised of 110 students and 10 academic staffs from Schools/Departments of
Business Education of selected institutions. The data used were collected
through a questionnaire and responses thereof were analyzed by the use of
weighted mean. The findings were that recent changes brought about by computer
studies into business education are encouraging and the introductions of
computers into business education make accounting work easier. Further, it was
found that computer studies in business education use accounting software and
these computers affect the performance of business operators in Nigeria. The
graduates of business education that are computer literate have better chances
of getting employment. The work went on to conclude that computer is inevitable
in the field of business education so that graduates of business education
should face squarely the challenges of work in every sector in the world today
given the current globalization process regarding information technology and
the world being global village for information superhighway and state-of
–the-art thereof.
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Background
of the study
In 1949 the
government of Nigeria appointed F.J. Harlow, principal of Chelsea Polytechnic
(London) to asses the need of establishing a College or Colleges of Higher
Technical Education (Fafunwa 1994). The report of the two teams led to the
establishment in 1952 of three regional Colleges named the Nigeria Colleges of
Art, Science and Technology with branches at Ibadan, Enugu and Zaria.
Chronological emergence of the Polytechnics showed that the first full blown
Polytechnics in Nigeria were first and foremost Technical Institute or Colleges
which were primarily established to train technicians. To mention for instance,
the Yaba Technical Institute that metamorphosed to the present Yaba College of
Technology in 1963 is one of such institute.
However, in
the 1970’s Polytechnics/Colleges of Technology were established under various
laws which recognize them as statutory bodies with autonomous status. The
Institute of Management and Technology is not only a State owned Polytechnic
but amongst the first generation of Polytechnics in Nigeria. The Enugu state
University of Science and Technology started from one of the campuses of
Institute of Management and Technology.
A recent
event is that Enugu State College of Education (Technical) equally took off
from a former Campus 2 of Institute of Management of Technology. The latest is
Enugu State College of Agriculture and Agro Entrepreneurship, Iwollo. Conclusively, the Government of Enugu State
has four tertiary Institutions of higher learning in Enugu State, Nigeria. The
research will be basically interested in the Enugu State University of Science
and Technology and College of Education (Technical), Enugu.
Also, there
are several privately owned tertiary institutions namely: Institute of
Ecumenical Education, Thinkers Corner Enugu; Our Savior Institute of Science,
Agriculture and Technology, OSISATECH; African Thinkers College of Education,
Enugu; Caritas University Emene Enugu; Renaissance University Ugbauka, Enugu;
Bishop Okoye University, Emene Enugu; and The College of Education, Nsukka.
However, there are other tertiary Institutions of higher learning owned by
Federal Government of Nigeria. They are; University of Nigeria Nsukka and
Federal College of Education Eha Amufu, Enugu State; Federal College of
Cooperative Studies, Oji River; and School of Dental Technology and Therapy. It
can be recalled that business education as a discipline was being offered in
Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Institute of Management and
Technology whereas the creation of Enugu State College of Education (Technical)
has made the N.C.E programme to be transferred to it from Institute of
Management and Technology, thereby relieving the Institute from offering any
Nigeria Certificate in Education programme. It is important to understand
computer as relates to its applications and purpose.
This is
because before going into its influence or importance of business organizations
as well as business education, we can look at computer as basically an
electronic device that accepts DATA from an input device, performs some kind of
manipulations on the data in accordance with pre defined instructions and
transfers the manipulated or processed data to an output device for further
process or in final printed form such as business document, schedules and
management control report (Modum, 1995).
The
manipulation in the above meaning of a computer implies calculations,
comparison, and logical operations. Changes in computer technology are rapid
and of great magnitude which indicated that large number of users is found in
education, arts, science and engineering. Be it as it may, computer plays
important roles in space travel, navigation, banking, traffic control,
meteorology, power, medicine, air travel, industry, printing education,
telephone and telex. It most be noted that an organization would use a computer
only if by so doing it is more profitable
(Carey,1995).
The
development of internet technology avails an individual the opportunity to surf
through the World Wide Web (www) with speed and ease, thereby communicating
with others around the globe. Computers
have found application in carrying out business in the private and public
sectors especially in government agencies.Computer is profitable as labour
saving devices which facilitate office work to ease cumbersome nature of
manual-typing, cyclo-cyling and other office work before the introduction of
computer to office work. Computer applications help increase productivity in
terms automation and control in industrial setting and in office applications.
All over the world the impact of computer has been felt, efficiency and
effective use of computer technology and application are positive. Yet, the
impact of computer is not limited to science, engineering and technology but
can be applied in Education.
The basic
question is to what extent has computer technology affected teaching and
learning in Business Education in Nigeria.
Business
education is regarded as a process of instructing person(s) on what happens
during business transaction in the office, banks, market and anywhere money
changes hands or a type of Education that helps person(s) to learn the facts,
acquire the skills, develop abilities to like attitudes useful for success in
business situation. The following: book-keeping, accounting, clerical and
general office work, distributive, marketing, stenographic and secretarial
duties can be performed by a business Educator. Computer technology has
developed links which helps the business Educator in carrying out its numerous
duties in the field of human endeavour.
Statement of
Problem
Computer
technology uses application package, generator and system software which
together form computer software. It is complete set of written logical
instructions which enables the computer to get solution of a problem. It acts
as interface between the computer user and the computer machine itself.
This makes
it possible for business Educator(s) to have the opportunity of using computer
on the basis of increasing rapid innovation in the educational research work
and develop skills necessary to lessen the challenges encountered in
secretarial accounting and commercial fields. The use of computer reduces
problems in accounting when accounting computer packages are used in analytical
process of repairs.
The clear
evidence is seen in electronic payments (e-payments) automatic teller machine
and as current government polices indicate. Information is easily available on
hand held mobile telephone, internets and other communication gadgets. All
forms of information helpful to business educators and organizations in
carrying out their daily activities are assorted out by information devices
namely mobile telephones, internets and other communication gadgets.
Given the
forgoing, computer becomes a high stable element of potential success for
forward thinking business educators. Computer technology is advancing rapidly
on a daily base with new discoveries in the computer system that would continue
to lessen the troubles that where encountered by business educator before the
invention and commercialization of use of computer.
Purpose of
study
The main
purpose of study was to know the impact of computer studies on business
education thereby finding out;
1. Whether
computer studies have brought about changes on business education in Enugu
state.
2. Whether
the study of computer in higher institutions of learning in Enugu state brought
about positive achievement by business educators in organization.
3. Whether
it is profitable studying computer in business education in higher institutions
of learning in Enugu state.
4. Whether
changes that follow computer studies on business education in higher
institutions in Enugu state is appreciated by business educators.
5. Whether
study of computer has any improvement on business education in higher institution
of learning in Enugu state.
Significance
of the study
This
research work will show the importance of computer applications and uses in
accounting, book keeping, clerical, general office work, stenography and
secretarial jobs as performed by business educators and determine how these
have affected positively or otherwise the business educator in higher
institutions of learning in Enugu state. The study and uses of computer play
prominent role on how business is conducted and transactions made, in today’s
business and leaf reduce problems uncounted in day to day business transaction.
Computer studies enable the student of business education carry out their work
in offices and organization effectively efficiently.
Research
questions
The following
research questions guided the study:
1. What is the change computer studies made on
business education in Enugu State?
2. Do the studies of computer positively
affect the achievement of business educators in organization?
3. What profit or benefit are derived from
computer studies on business education in higher institutions of learning in
Enugu State?
4. Do the business educators appreciate
changes that computer studies have made on business education in higher
institutions of learning in Enugu State?
5. What are the improvements computer studies
has made on business education in higher institutions of learning in Enugu
state?
Delimitation
of the study
The study
was primarily restricted to two state government owned institutions of higher
learning in Enugu state namely; Enugu State College of Education (Technical)
and Enugu State University of Science and Technology Enugu. Therefore, the two
institutions of higher learning are where the researcher effectively carried
out the research.
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