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IMPACT OF
EMPLOYEES PARTICIPATION IN DECISION MAKING AND ORGANISATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY
ABSTRACT
Decision is
the point at which plans, policies and objectives are translated into concrete
action. It is noted that Managers, do
consider decision making to be the heart of their job in that they must always
choose what is to be done, they influences the ordinary employees in decision
making.
The
objective of the research is to know the impact of employees participation in
decision making on organizational productivity in Nigerian public sector
organizations.
Structural
questionnaires were administered to 210 respondents which include the
management (senior) and intermediate staff of the company, through the
employees participating in the decision making will result to high productivity
in the organization.
Data
collected are analysed in a tabular form using a simple percentage of formular
to get the findings. The results were
discussed in terms of the need for the employee to participate in the decision
making in an organization to boost productivity.
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY:
It should be
known first that a decision is a choice whereby a person forms a conclusion
about a situation Costello, I Wand Zalkind, S.S. (1963 p. 334), confined the
term decision making, to a choice process, choosing one from among several
possibilities. However, election theory
in Costello, T.W. et al (1963, p. 387) largely considers decision as asking the
process of making a single choice among course of action at a particular point
in time. This depicts a course of
behaviour about what must be done or vice versa.
Decision,
however, is the point at which plans, policies and objectives are translated
into concrete actions. Planning
engenders decision guided by company policy and objectives, policies,
procedures and programmes. The aim of
decision making is to channel human behaviour towards a future goal.
Decision
making is one of the most germane activities of management. It has been the preoccupation of all the
management of multifarious organization ranging from small-scale organization
to multinational corporations.
Managers
many at times consider decision making to be the heart of their job in that
they must always choose what is to be done, who will do it, when, where and
most of the time how it will be done.
Traditionally,
managers influence the ordinary employees and specifically, their immediate subordinate
in the organization. This has resulted
in managers making natural decision even in area affecting their
subordinates. In Germany, around 1951, a
law enacted which provides for code termination and requires labour membership
in the supervisory board and executive committee of certain large corporations.
However, the participation of labour in decision making process results to
relatively and peacefully labour management relations.
Additionally,
the Japanese management WSES decision making by concerns us in which lower –
level employee initiate the reaches the desk of the top executive. If the
proposal is approved, it is returned to the initiator for implementation.
It is in
this context, that the researcher wishes to assess the impact of employees
participation in decision making on organisational productivity in Nigerian
Public Sector organization, using Nestle Nigeria as a case study.
1.2 STATEMENTOF THE PROBLEM:
There has
been a lot of controversy as to whether an employee should participate in
managerial decision making or not. Some
writers argued that employees where it affects them or their jobs, it is
expected that such participation will serve as training and testing ground for
future members of upper management.
In Nigeria,
experts that refuted the above assertion see the arrangement as a symptom of
malorganisation. They maintained that,
qualified, reasonably, honest and company oriented individuals are not
available at these lower organizational level.
But the big question is, are qualified individuals really
available? All these underlay the need
for investigation study.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY:
The general
purpose of this empirical study is to assess the impact of employees
participation in managerial decision making in public sector organization in
Nigeria with reference to Nestle Nigeria Ltd.
1. To assess the impact of employees
participation in management decision making.
2. To ascertain the impact of employees
participation or non-participation in management decision on productivity of
the organization.
3. To make recommendation based on the
research findings.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY:
This
research work focuses particularly on the impact of employees participation in
decision making and organizational productivity using Nestle Nigeria Lagos as a
case study.
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS:
In a view to
accomplishing this research work effectively, the research poses the following:
1. Do management staff make decision
without per and post discussion and consultation with employees?
2. Do management change decision when
rejected by employees?
3. To what extent do employees participate
in decision making?
4. How often do employees meet to discuss
without managers?
1.6 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS:
The
researcher formulates the following hypothesis base on the objectives and
problems of this research work.
Ho: Management staff makes decision without
per and post discussion and consultation with employees.
1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY:
This
research work will be relevant to the managers and employees of Anammco
Company.
It will also
be beneficial to other public sector organization in Nigeria – it will also be
of prodigious importance to government, academically, potentially and future
researches on the issue of employee participation in managerial decision
making. This empirical study is also germane to the researcher since it is a
partial requirement for the award of Higher National Diploma in Business
Administration and Management.
1.8 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY:
A work of
this nature is not easy to consummate or accomplish. And, as a result, financial problem, time
constriaints, apathy on the part of the respondents and bureaucratic procedures
involved in releasing data seriously affected the study.
1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS:
1. Decision Making: The selection from
among alternative of
a course of
action.
2. Management: Management is made up of top and middle
level
management. Top management include shareholder, Board of
Directors, Managing Director, or Chief Executive/General Manager (i.e
management above departmental level), middle management includes Heads of
Department, Managers, Deputy and Assistant Managers.
3. Productivity: A measure of how well resources are
brought
together in
organization and utilized for accomplish a set of results.
4. Germane: Relevant, important, pertinent.
5. Heart of their job: As it is used in the
research work means
their main
job.
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