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SOCIETAL
PERCEPTION OF TEACHING AND TEACHERS’ DEDICATION TO WORK
ABSTRACT
This study
was conducted to determine societal perceptional teaching and teachers’
dedication to work using some selected secondary schools in Lagos State as a
case study. The descriptive method of research was adopted in conducting the
study. The population of the study comprised all teachers in Lagos State. A
total of one hundred teachers were randomly selected as sample from the
targeted population. A Likert typed self-developed questionnaire titled
Societal Perception Questionnaire (SPQ) was used for data collection. The SPQ
was subjected to content validity by three experts in the field of study who
scrutinized the questionnaire through face validation. Their expert suggestions
were used in perfecting the structural components of the questionnaire before
administration on participants on the field. The test retest method was adopted
in establishing the reliability of SPQ and an r-valve of 0.65 was obtained
indicating the consistency of SPQ in collecting data for the study. A total of
one hundred copies of SPQ were administered on selected respondents on the
spot. The data collected were used to generate a frequency distribution table
for analysis. The descriptive statistic of percentage was used in presenting
the data, while the inferential statistic of chi-square was used in testing
stated hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings are as follows.
Societal perception of teaching/teachers had no significant effect on teacher’s
professional efficiency and dedication to work. There was a significant
difference between the low status accorded teachers in our society and
teachers’ efficiency and dedication to work.
No
significant relationship exists between teachers’ negative attitude to work and
societal perception of teaching/teachers.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1BACKGROUND
TO THE STUDY
In Nigeria
today and also in other countries, education is an important tool for national
development, the ultimate strength of any nation hinges on the social
responsibility, economic competency and moral strength of her citizens, an onus
that is solely borne by the teachers through teaching. This is because
education has a vital role to play in the technological and economic
advancement of the country. Also because the primary obligation of teaching
profession any where in the world is to guide children, youths and adults in
the pursuit of knowledge and skills to develop healthy attitudes for harmonious
living (Adu & Olatundun, 2007). Teaching according to Mandla (2000) is a social
career and no career is more of value to society than teaching. Its thus, a unique profession whose quality
directly influences the future of any nation. Teaching touches the life of
virtually everyone in the society, as doctors, scientist, engineer, politicians
and so forth were all taught by teachers in the course of their professional
training. Ukeje (1991) asserted that in a developing nation, teaching is the
most vital and strategic profession for national development. Also in line with
his assertion, Salami (1999) argued that the greatness of any nation does not
consist in the abundance of her resources but on the educational system and the
teachers.
Countries
that lack enough educated citizens suffer the risk of technological and
economic setbacks. In the past, teachers and the teaching profession were given
due recognition and teachers went about their duties diligently and with pride.
They (teachers) were content with their jobs and many people would like to be
teachers or have their children stay with a teacher for moral and intellectual
upbringing. But all this belongs to the past, as the profession has almost
become an orphan that is not qualified for the orphanage home. According to
Salami (1999) many of the teachers drop into the profession as a last resort
and when they find an alternative job that pays higher they quickly drop out.
Also it’s a well-known fact that many people today, regard the teaching
profession as the dreg of all profession and consequently the last choice by
many applicants (Jagun, 1990, Salami, 1999).
This very
important sector has received attention from most countries including Nigeria,
who before now promised education for all. The government has put in place, the
Universal Basis Education (UBE) to help in achieving its aim of giving every
citizen a chance of getting educated.
In order to
achieve the laudable educational goals as stipulated in the National Policy of
Education revised edition (1981) government at both federal and state level
have spent huge sum of money on training of teacher, building of schools and
purchase of equipment etc.
Training of
teachers is one of the most important aspects. To be given adequate attention.
If the educational advancement of the country is to be achieved, this is
because teachers constitute one of the important segments in the educational
environment; they are the ones charge with the responsibility of transmitting
and imparting knowledge on the students. Their roles in the educational sector
cannot be over emphasized.Their active presence is very essential for the
execution of educational programs. The student look up to their teacher as role
models who should be emulated, this is because the school acts as the second
agent of socialization for the child apart from the child’s immediate family.
The child grows up to imbibe most of the teacher’s actions and behavior. The
teacher has a big role to play in the muddling and formation of desirable
attitudes in the child.
These
enormous duties which are expected of the teacher can only be carried out in a
very conductive and stable environment. But it is a common knowledge now that
teachers whose contributions are very necessary are found to be inadequate in
most schools. Generally, schools now have very few teachers taking charge of
too many students, which makes it difficult for them to execute their duties
thoroughly and efficiently.
Schools that
have enough teachers, have those teachers spent most of their time on their
private business thus, giving very little time to their teaching profession.
In Nigeria
today, the teaching profession has suffered so much setbacks, the status of
teachers in the society has been greatly relegated to the background, and the
profession lacks the dignity as well as the satisfaction that is desired from
it. It also lacks the security that is expected from it and which other
profession give.
This trend
has led to the teacher approaching the job with little or no sense of purpose.
There is no exception of any category of teachers from the university professor
to the kindergarten teacher, its dismal account of constant humiliation,
denigration from government and society.
The
historical evolution of teaching profession revealed that no other profession
in Nigeria has suffered in terms of esteem, regard, respect and dignity as the
teaching profession despite itsvery important nature.
In some
secondary schools in Lagos as well as in others states, teachers are made to
share the same room with students because of lack of comfortable chairs and
tables for the teachers to use in the inadequate staff room. In such a
situation, it is of common knowledge that the teachers will not have the job
satisfaction which will inspire them to perform their duties diligently and
also it will greatly affect the respect that they deserve from the student.
It has been
observed that due to the kind of low status accorded the teaching profession;
prospective teachers who have passion for the profession are shying away from
the job. Even primary school pupils aspire to be in other profession like
medicine, law, accountancy etc. While no one really wants to become a teacher
despite the fact that it is the teachers that make each and every one in its
chosen career. This attitude accorded the profession has greatly affected
teacher’s efficiency in recent time. They no longer approach their work with
the zeal and enthusiastic that is expected from them.
It is time
for the government and the society to rise up to their responsibilities towards
improving and uplifting the status of teachers in the society.
It is against
this background of growing concern that the researcher finds the study worth
investigating.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Teaching
efficiency has dwindled in recent time and this have had adverse effect on the
overall performances of students in examinations, looking into the societal
perception of teachers and teaching will help in ascertaining the root causes
of these problems.
1.3. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The main
purpose of this study was to determine the societal perception of teaching and
teachers dedication to work. Other objectives of this study are as follows:
1. to ascertain the societal perception
to teaching and teachers
2. to ascertain if there is any
relationship between the societal perception of teaching and teachers and their
efficiency
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The
following research questions were raised to guide this study:
1. What is the relationship between societal
role perception of teaching/teachers and their professional dedication?
2. What is the relationship between the
low status of teachers and their professional efficiency and dedication?
3. What is the relationship between
teacher’s negative attitudes to work and the societal perceptions of teacher
role and teaching efficiency?
1.5. RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
The
following research questions weretestedin this study:
1. That the societal perception of
teaching/teachers has no significant effect on teacher’s professional
efficiency and dedication to work
2. That there will be no significant
difference between the low status accorded teachers in our society and
teachers’ efficiency and dedication to work
3. That teachers negative attitude to
work has no significant relationship with the societal perception of
teaching/teachers
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study
is significant for many reasons.
This study
when completed would be an addition to existing knowledge in societal
perception of teaching/teachers dedication to work. It would also serve as
basis for further studies in the areas of teaching and teachers dedication to
work, as it will be a reference material for other researchers.
Furthermore,
the findings of this study would help to focus on the way teachers see their
job and also the way society sees the teaching profession.
Also the
result of these findings will highlight the problems affecting the professional
efficiency of teachers in our society. The result will also enlighten the
government and the society on the relevance of the profession and ways of
improving their efficiency.
1.7. DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY
This study
was limited in scope to randomly selected teachers of five randomly selected
public secondary schools in Alimosho Local Government Area of Lagos State of
Nigeria. In the same vein, students of the randomly selected schools would not
be involved in the study. Names of the randomly selected public secondary
schools are:
1. Egan Secondary Schools
2. Alimosho Secondary School
3. Igando Secondary School
4. Ijegun Secondary School
5. State High School, Alimosho
1.8. LIMITATION ON THE STUDY
A research
is an intellectually stimulating experience. A researcher must therefore
prepare for that experience by clearly embracing all aspects of investigative
study of the phenomenon which the work wishes to put under examinations, be
objective and impartial as well as factual. These are limitation because every
stage in a research that conforms to the primary requirement of scientific
validation ultimately involves time and financial cost.
Time cost is
extremely critical to the research the more the time, the more the possibility
that all relevant facts may be considered. For this reason, I have limited my
study to the political boundary of Lagos state and the choice of five secondary
schools from Alimosho Local Government Area.
Another
limitation to the study was the financial cost. The financial constraint is
particularly most critical when data have to be collected directly by the
researcher. The larger the sample frame, the heavier the financial cost. Thus,
the researcher has to strike a balance between the cost and effectiveness, this
study focus has a relatively limited scope and size in order to accommodate the
financial constraint.
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